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Previous issue date: 2016-01-29 / Acidentes ambientais envolvendo derramamento de ?leo e seus derivados em meios h?dricos e solo s?o comuns e preocupantes, comprometendo a qualidade do meio ambiente. Uma forma econ?mica e eficiente de remediar estes derramamentos de ?leo ? o emprego do m?todo de sor??o utilizando fibras naturais ou biomassa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de investigar a capacidade sorvente da fibra de Calotropis Procera para remo??o de petr?leo em meio salino atrav?s de sua caracteriza??o microestrutural. As an?lises realizadas na fibra foram: MEV, DRX, FRX, FTIR, densidade da fibra, ?ngulo de contato e TG/DSC. O petr?leo foi classificado em seu grau API, viscosidade e densidade. Foram realizados ensaios de adsor??o em sistema din?mico nos tempos de 30 e 60 segundos e 100RPM. Os efluentes gerados foram caracterizados pelo teor de ?leos e graxas. Os resultados obtidos atrav?s das an?lises de caracteriza??o da fibra evidenciaram suas propriedades hidrof?bica, oleof?lica, baixa cristalinidade, baixa densidade confirmando sua caracter?stica de flutuabilidade, e a presen?a de compostos org?nicos caracterizando sua origem natural e biodegrad?vel. A estabilidade t?rmica da fibra se mant?m at? a temperatura aproximada de 230?C, ocorrendo perda de massa significativa de 50% na temperatura de 330?C. O petr?leo possui seu grau API 33?, viscosidade de 0,0139 Pas (T=40?C) e densidade de 0,68 g/cm3 (T=15,55?C). O melhor ensaio de adsor??o foi no tempo de 60 segundos, obtendo o valor m?dio de TOG menor que 20 mg/L, atendendo as exig?ncias da resolu??o n? 430/2011-CONAMA. A fibra Calotropis Procera apresentou capacidade de sor??o de hidrocarbonetos, mostrando sua viabilidade no tratamento de efluentes da ind?stria petrol?fera em meio salino, contribuindo para a preserva??o ambiental. / Environmental accidents involving petroleum oil spills and its derivatives in water environment bodies and soil is common and troubling, compromising the quality to the environment. To rectify these oil spills is the use of sorption method by employing natural fibers and biomass is one form of an economic and efficient way. The objective of this work was to investigate the adsorbent capacity of Calotropis Procera fiber for the removal of petroleum oil in a saline water environment, using its microstructural characteristics. These characteristics of the fibers were evaluated using SEM, XRD, XRF, FTIR, fiber density, contact angle and TGA / DSC. The petroleum oil was classified according to its API degree, viscosity and density. Adsorption experiments, under a dynamic system for the times of 30 and 60 seconds and at 100RPM, were carried out. The effluents generated were characterized by the oil and grease content. The results from the fiber characterization analysis, evidenced their properties of hydrophobic, oleophilic, low crystallinity and low density, furthermore, confirming their buoyancy characteristic, and the presence of organic compounds, characterize the fibre being a natural and biodegradable source. The thermal stability of the fiber was maintained until an approximate temperature of 230?C, occurring significant loss of mass of 50% at a temperature of 330?C. The oil has its API 33? degree, viscosity of 0.0139 Pas (T = 40?C) and density 0.68 g / cm3 (T = 15,55?C). The best adsorption test was in the time of 60 seconds, getting an average value of TOG less than 20 mg / L, attending the requirements of Resolution No. 430/2011-CONAMA The Calotropis Procera fiber proved to have an acceptable sorption capacity of hydrocarbon, showing its viability in the treatment of the oil industry effluents in saline conditions, contributing toward the preservation of environment.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21478 |
| Date | 29 January 2016 |
| Creators | Silva, Anaxmandro Pereira da |
| Contributors | 18222161415, Rossi, C?tia Guaraciara Fernandes Teixeira, 77044568491, Nascimento, Jos? Heriberto Oliveira do, 02452573493, Silva, K?sia Karina de Oliveira Souto, 00851738435, Ladchumananandasivam, Rasiah |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA MEC?NICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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