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Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / O conhecimento da composi??o do petr?leo e seus produtos ? uma necessidade imprescind?vel numa refinaria para o ajuste das condi??es do processo. Desta forma a otimiza??o do refino de petr?leo ? fundamental para a predi??o da distribui??o dos produtos e sua qualidade. Realizar o estudo cin?tico da degrada??o t?rmica e catal?tica na presen?a da ze?lita H ?Beta e avaliar os produtos obtidos por PY - CG/ MS de petr?leo leve foi o objetivo principal deste trabalho. Contudo, foram feitas correla??es de dados obtidos atrav?s da destila??o Simulada por Cromatografia a G?s (SIMDIST), da an?lise termogravim?trica (TG/DTG) e da pir?lise acoplada a um espectr?metro de massas (GC/MS), para auxiliar nas an?lises dos dados obtidos. Atrav?s da t?cnica de Fluoresc?ncia de Raios X por Energia Dispersiva (EDX), seguindo o m?todo ASTM D4294 foi poss?vel determinar o teor de enxofre contido na amostra. A termogravimetria (TG/DTG) apresentou tr?s etapas de perdas de massa, onde a primeira etapa est? relacionada ? remo??o de hidrocarbonetos e compostos org?nicos leves. Na segunda etapa ocorre a decomposi??o de arom?ticos de alta massa molecular. E na terceira etapa, ocorreu a degrada??o de coque. Atrav?s da t?cnica de PY ? GC/MS foram detectados os produtos de degrada??o da amostra de petr?leo nas temperaturas de 250?C, 350?C e 450?C, com e sem a presen?a da ze?lita H-Beta. A degrada??o t?rmica e catal?tica da amostra de petr?leo leve foi realizada da temperatura ambiente at? 900?C, nas raz?es de aquecimento de 5, 10 e 20oC min-1. As curvas geradas pela TG/DTG apresentaram uma degrada??o mais acelerada na amostra de petr?leo sem catalisador H-Beta. Esses resultados foram ratificados pela energia de ativa??o, calculada atrav?s do m?todo cin?tico ? Livre (Vyazovkin modelfree Kinetic), em que a presen?a do catalisador reduziu a energia, em especial na faixa de craqueamento, mostrando a efici?ncia do processo, principalmente para a obten??o de materiais leves da composi??o da amostra de petr?leo leve, como diesel e gasolina. / Knowledge of the oil composition and its products is an absolute necessity in a refinery for adjusting the process conditions. Thus the optimization of petroleum refining is essential for predicting the distribution of products and their quality. Perform the kinetic study of the thermal and catalytic degradation in the presence of zeolite H -Beta and evaluate the products obtained by PY-GC/MS of light oil was the main objective of this work. However, data correlations were made obtained by Simulated Distillation by Gas Chromatography (SIMDIST), the thermal gravimetric analysis (TG / DTG) and pyrolysis coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS), to assist in the analysis of data. Through Fluorescence technique of X-ray energy dispersive (EDX) following the ASTM D4294 method it was possible to determine the sulfur content in the sample. Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) showed three-step weight loss, where the first stage relates to the removal of light hydrocarbons and organic compounds. The second step is decomposition of aromatic high molecular weight. And the third stage was the degradation of coke. Through the technique PY-GC/MS were detected degradation products of the oil sample at temperatures of 250?C, 350?C and 450?C, with and without the presence of zeolite H-Beta. The thermal and catalytic degradation of light oil sample was carried out from room temperature to 900C, the heating rates of 5, 10 and 20 ? C min-1. The curves generated by TG/DTG showed a faster degradation in the sample oil without H-Beta catalyst. These results were confirmed by activation energy calculated using the kinetic method - Free (Vyazovkin modelfree Kinetic) in the presence of the catalyst decreased energy, in particular in cracking band, showing the process efficiency, particularly for obtaining lightweight materials of light oil sample composition, such as diesel and gasoline.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21792 |
| Date | 29 July 2016 |
| Creators | Tavares, Marc?lio dos Santos |
| Contributors | 42314070453, Ara?jo, Antonio Souza de, 35530502415, Farias, Mirna Ferreira de, 01187499439, Delgado, Regina C?lia de Oliveira Brasil, 87774151400, Gondim, Amanda Duarte, Fernandes J?nior, Valter Jos? |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM QU?MICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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