<p>This
dissertation evaluated the complex inter-relatedness between co-occurring
childhood maltreatment exposures, physical intimate partner violence
(perpetration and victimization), substance use frequency, and molecular genetics
for substance use, utilizing appropriate developmental models and theoretical
approaches. Three studies were proposed within this dissertation. Data for the
three studies come from a national longitudinal panel study: The National Longitudinal Study
of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; Harris,
2013).
Across studies, latent profile analysis was used to evaluate co-occurring
childhood maltreatment exposures based on type and severity of exposures, which
resulted in three homogenous sub-groups. The first sub-group was composed of
individuals that had high levels of physical abuse exposure and moderate levels
of childhood neglect and emotional abuse exposures (high physical abuse
sub-group). The second sub-group (high sexual abuse sub-group) included
individuals with high severity of sexual abuse exposure and moderate severity
of all other childhood maltreatment types (i.e., physical abuse, emotional
abuse, and neglect). This second sub-group was, therefore, the most vulnerable
in terms of their childhood maltreatment exposure. A final normative sub-group
was also found that included a majority of individuals with low severity of
childhood maltreatment exposure across types. Additionally, across all three
studies, a probabilistic multifaceted genetic risk score (i.e., polygenic risk
score) was created to evaluate substance use related genetic risk. The first
study evaluated the role of co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposure on
substance use development from adolescence to young adulthood while evaluating substance
use related genetic moderation. Generalized estimating equations were used to
test the proposed model in study 1. Findings suggest that the high physical
abuse sub-group was more susceptible to genetic risk and had increases in
substance use frequency only at high levels of genetic risk. In contrast, for
the high sexual abuse sub-group, childhood maltreatment and environmental
exposures were more ubiquitous for substance use development from adolescence
to young adulthood. To elaborate, the high sexual abuse sub-group demonstrated
increases in substance use from adolescence to young adulthood irrespective of
genetic risk. In study 2, substance use frequency in young adulthood was tested
as a mechanism between childhood maltreatment sub-groups and subsequent
physical intimate partner violence perpetration in adulthood. Once again,
genetic moderation for the direct association between childhood maltreatment
sub-groups and substance use frequency in young adulthood was tested within the
larger mediation model. In study 3, physical partner violence victimization in
young adulthood was tested as a mediator of the association between childhood
maltreatment sub-groups and substance use frequency in adulthood. In study 3,
in addition to the above-mentioned genetic risk score, an additional substance
use related dopamine polygenic risk score was also tested. Specifically, in
study 3, genetic moderation by both genetic risk scores was tested on 1) the
direct pathway from childhood maltreatment sub-groups to substance use
frequency in adulthood, and 2) the direct pathway from physical intimate
partner violence victimization in young adulthood to substance use frequency in
adulthood. In both studies 2 and 3, product of co-efficient method was used to
estimate mediation hypothesis, and moderated-mediation models were used to test
for genetic moderation within the mediation model. Research aims for studies 2
and 3 were largely not supported. However, supplementary models indicate that substance
use frequency may not be a causal mechanism but may be a contextual factor
exacerbating the association between childhood maltreatment exposures and
physical intimate partner violence perpetration. Implications for findings are
discussed in detail. </p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/12385592 |
| Date | 15 June 2020 |
| Creators | Aura Ankita Mishra (8905460) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/The_Association_between_Childhood_Maltreatment_Substance_Use_Frequency_and_Physical_Intimate_Partner_Violence_A_Gene-Environment_Study/12385592 |
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