Wong Sze Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-144). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Cancer treatment and potential novel antitumor agents --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- History of mushroom polysaccharides in medical uses --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Life cycle of mushroom --- p.3 / Chapter 1.4 --- Classification of antitumor mushroom polysaccharides --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- (3-glucans --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Heteropolysaccharides --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Polysaccharide-protein complexes --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5 --- Structure-activity relationship of mushroom polysaccharides --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Lentinan as typical example --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Molecular weight --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Conformation --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Chemical modification --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.5 --- Degree of branching --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6 --- Antitumor mushroom polysaccharides obtained from different developmental stages --- p.17 / Chapter 1.7 --- Mechanisms of in vitro antitumor activity of mushroom polysaccharides: cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction --- p.20 / Chapter 1.7.1 --- Cell cycle regulation --- p.21 / Chapter 1.7.2 --- Induction of apoptosis --- p.24 / Chapter 1.8 --- The novel strategies for cancer treatment --- p.27 / Chapter 1.9 --- Literature Review on Pleurotus tuber-regium --- p.30 / Chapter 1.10 --- Objectives --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Assay kits --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Mushroom samples --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Cell lines and their subculture --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Antibodies --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- Extraction of mushroom polysaccharides --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Hot-water extracts from mushroom fruiting body --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Hot-water extracts from mushroom mycelia --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Exo-polysaccharides from submerged fermentation medium --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3 --- Chemical and physio-chemical composition of PTR extracts --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Neutral monosaccharides --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Acid Depolymerization --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Neutral sugar derivatization --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Determination of neutral sugar composition by GC- --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Uronic acid (acidic monosaccharides) content --- p.45 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Total carbohydrate content --- p.46 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Protein content --- p.46 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Molecular weight and the homogeneity --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4 --- In vitro growth inhibitory effects --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Trypan blue dye exclusion method --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- "Colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay" --- p.49 / Chapter 2.5 --- In vitro cell proliferation assay --- p.50 / Chapter 2.6 --- Cell-cycle analysis --- p.51 / Chapter 2.7 --- Apoptotic determination --- p.52 / Chapter 2.8 --- Expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and cell-cycle --- p.52 / Chapter 2.8.1 --- Preparation of cell lysates --- p.53 / Chapter 2.8.2 --- Determination of protein concentrations --- p.53 / Chapter 2.8.3 --- Western blot --- p.54 / Chapter 2.9 --- Statistics --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.58 / Chapter 3.1 --- Yield of extract samples isolated from different developmental stages of PTR --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2 --- Chemical characteristics of hot-water extracts isolated from different stages of PTR --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- The total carbohydrate and protein content of PTR extracts- --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The monosaccharide composition of PTR extracts --- p.62 / Chapter 3.3 --- Molecular weight distribution of PTR extracts --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4 --- Chemical characterization of PTR extracts --- p.69 / Chapter 3.5 --- Cytotoxic effect of PTR extracts on various cell line in vitro --- p.71 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Effect of PTR extracts on HL-60 cell viability --- p.71 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Effect of PTR extracts on K562 cell viability --- p.74 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect of PTR extracts on MCF-7 cell proliferation --- p.76 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Effect of PTR extracts on HepG2 cell proliferation --- p.76 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Effect of PTR extracts on normal cell proliferation --- p.78 / Chapter 3.6 --- Effect of PTR extracts on the proliferation rate of various cell lines in vitro --- p.78 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Effect of PTR extracts on HL-60 cell proliferation --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Effect of PTR extracts on K562 cell proliferation --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Effect of PTR extracts on MCF-7 cell proliferation --- p.80 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Effect of PTR extracts on HepG2 cell proliferation --- p.80 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Effect of PTR extracts on normal cell proliferation --- p.84 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary of the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities exhibited by PTR extracts --- p.84 / Chapter 3.8 --- Analysis of the effect of PTR extracts on the cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.87 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- Effect of CEP on cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.87 / Chapter 3.8.2 --- Effect of EDP on cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.92 / Chapter 3.8.3 --- Effect of HWE1 on cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.95 / Chapter 3.8.4 --- Effect of HWE2 on cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.98 / Chapter 3.8.5 --- Effect of HWE3 on cell-cycle phases of HL-60 and K562 cells --- p.102 / Chapter 3.8.6 --- Summary --- p.105 / Chapter 3.9 --- The effect of PTR extracts on expression of cellular proteins involved in cell-cycle control and apoptotic pathway in HL-60 cells --- p.106 / Chapter 3.9.1 --- Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in HL-60 cells treated with PTR extracts --- p.106 / Chapter 3.9.2 --- Expression of cyclins and Cdks in HL-60 cells by PTR extracts --- p.115 / Chapter 3.9.3 --- The plausible antiproliferative mechanism(s) involved in PTR extracts on HL-60 cells --- p.117 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusions and Future works --- p.120 / Chapter 4.1 --- Conclusions --- p.120 / Chapter 4.2 --- Future works --- p.122 / References --- p.124 / Related Publications --- p.144
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_325731 |
| Date | January 2006 |
| Contributors | Wong, Sze Man., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xviii, 144 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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