Synthesis of a polymer with benzoxazine units in the main chain backbone by a trifunctional phenol, a difunctional amine, and paraformaldehyde was achieved. Thermal, mechanical and spectroscopic characterization and the viscosity properties of the synthesized polymer were studied. In the first step of this study, a fast and feasible method for the synthesis of the benzoxazine precursors was developed since some methods mentioned in the literature about the synthesis of the benzoxazine derivatives last long time. The second step was to polymerize the benzoxazine precursors thermally. The curing of benzoxazine precursors was done via ring opening polymerization at 150 oC and a final polymerization was observed at about 250 oC.
1H NMR, 13C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies revealed the characteristic peaks for the formation of benzoxazine ring. Among them, 13C NMR gave important clue on the formation of the benzoxazine.
The thermal characterization of the benzoxazine precursors and the polymers indicated that the ring opening polymerization of these precursors started at around 110 oC and a final polymerization was about at 230 oC. Differential Scanning Calorimetry thermograms of the polybenzoxazine indicated a secondary transition at around 270 oC. An onset decomposition of the benzoxazine oligomers started around 100 oC in Thermal Gravimetric Analysis thermograms performed under N2 atmosphere and two major maximum weight losses were observed at 273 oC and 439 oC. However, polybenzoxazine showed a starting degradation at about 260 oC and the maximum weight loss temperatures were seen at 296 oC and 465 oC.
Viscosity variation of the reaction mixture was studied by Ubbelohde Viscometer at 30 oC. Viscosity results indicated that the increase in the intrinsic viscosity of the reaction mixture till 50th minute and followed by a decrease due to possible branching and the intra-crosslinking of the benzoxazine oligomers. Mechanical properties of the polymer films, prepared by compression molding at 180 0C, were investigated. Test results showed that low tensile strength whereas comparatively high elongation.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:METU/oai:etd.lib.metu.edu.tr:http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610497/index.pdf |
| Date | 01 April 2009 |
| Creators | Kaya, Safak |
| Contributors | Tincer, Teoman |
| Publisher | METU |
| Source Sets | Middle East Technical Univ. |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | M.S. Thesis |
| Format | text/pdf |
| Rights | To liberate the content for METU campus |
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