Dressed, bagged whole chickens from three Oregon and several
out-of-state processors were purchased from retail markets in each
season in 1988. Birds were stored at 3°C for 6 days. Total aerobic
microorganisms, total psychrotrophic microorganisms, pseudomonads
and fluorescent pseudomonads were determined by appropriate
procedures. Total aerobic microorganisms and psychrotrophic
microorganisms were counted on standard plate count agar with
incubation at 20°C for 3 days and at 5°C for 7 days, respectively. Two
media, King's B medium and CFC medium, were used in counting
pseudomonads. Fluorescent colonies were observed on King's medium
under ultraviolet light. A simple slime smear test was used to
determine the sliminess.
Sensory evaluation was done by thirteen panelists using 9-point
scales. The flavor of cooked white and dark meat and skin, the flavor intensity of cooked white and dark meat and skin, the aroma of raw and
simmered meat, the aroma intensity of raw and simmered meat and
raw sliminess were evaluated.
Simple regression analysis was used to determine the
relationships between the microbial parameters and sensory
evaluations. The paired t test was used in determining the difference
between counts on King's medium and CFC medium. A significance
level of 95% was set for all tests. Correlation coefficients were also
calculated.
All the microbial counts were at or below 10⁷/cm², which
indicated from literature comparisons that most of the fryers purchased
from retail markets and stored for six days were of acceptable quality.
The season had no significant effect on the microbial counts and sensory
qualities. The means of flavor of cooked meat and skin and aroma of
raw and simmered meat were all above fair. Only the raw aroma
intensity was significantly (p<0.05) and strongly correlated (r=-0.88) to
the aroma quality. Relationships between microbial counts and flavor of
cooked meat and aroma of raw and simmered meat were all significant
but the correlations were weak. The narrow range of microbial counts
may explain the weakness of the correlations found. The slime smear
tests had a positive relationship (p<0.05) to the raw sliminess score by
panelists, total aerobic microorganisms, total psychrotrophic
microorganisms, pseudomonads, and fluorescent pseudomonads. / Graduation date: 1990
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ORGSU/oai:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:1957/27280 |
| Date | 09 June 1989 |
| Creators | Chen, Yinghwei |
| Contributors | Woodburn, Margy |
| Source Sets | Oregon State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
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