<p>Significant seasonal changes in chemical and
microbiological water quality can occur in buildings at different fixture
locations due to temperature and time dependent reaction rates. Here, a series
of calibrated plumbing hydraulic-water quality models were developed for the
extensively monitored Retrofitted Net-zero Energy, Water & Waste (ReNEWW)
house in West Lafayette, Indiana USA. Knowledge gaps that inhibited higher
resolution water quality modeling were also identified. The eight new models
predict the absolute level of free chlorine, total trihalomethanes (TTHM), Cu (Copper),
Fe (Iron), Pb (lead), NO<sub>3</sub><sup> – </sup>(nitrate-nitrogen),
heterotrophic plate count (HPC), and <i>Legionella spp.</i> concentration at
each fixture for plumbing use, operational characteristics, and design layouts of
the plumbing system. Model development revealed that the carrying capacity to
describe Legionella spp. growth (and other organisms) under water usage and
plumbing design conditions is lacking in the literature. This information needed
for higher resolution modeling. Reducing building water use by 25% prompted
increased absolute concentrations of HPC and Legionella, each increasing by a
factor of about 10<sup>5</sup>. When the service line length was increased,
Legionella spp. concentrations increased by up to 10<sup>6 </sup>gene copies /L
in the Summer season. The proposed modeling framework can be used to support
better planning, design, analysis, and operational decision-making.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/17131844 |
| Date | 07 December 2022 |
| Creators | Maria Arantxa Palmegiani (11798894) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Spatial_and_Temporal_Hydraulic_Water_Quality_Models_for_Predicting_Residential_Building_Water_Quality/17131844 |
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