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Previous issue date: 2016-03-09 / Alterações comportamentais e ocorrência de acidentes podem causar diversos problemas para o desenvolvimento infantil, mas são escassos trabalhos que investiguem estas variáveis de modo integrado, na busca de indicadores para futura atuação. Este estudo teve como objetivos caracterizar o comportamento e a ocorrência de acidentes de escolares do 5º ano do ensino fundamental e verificar as relações entre ambas as variáveis e entre os dados do comportamento obtidos com diferentes informantes. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola da rede municipal de Ensino Fundamental de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Participaram 60 alunos de quatro turmas de 5º ano, de ambos os sexos e média de idade de dez anos, seus respectivos responsáveis e as quatro professoras das turmas. Foram utilizados o Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (SDQ) com responsáveis e professoras e o Questionário de Rastreamento de Acidentes (QRA) com os escolares, mediante Termo de Consentimento. Verificou-se predominância de perfil normal de escolares de ambos os sexos em todas as escalas do SDQ, tanto de dificuldades quanto de capacidades. Entretanto, houve padrão anormal de comportamentos, segundo os responsáveis, na escala de sintomas emocionais, com 26,9% para o sexo feminino e 38,1% para o masculino e, de acordo com as professoras, nas escalas de problemas de conduta e de hiperatividade, com 37,5% cada. Foi identificada a ocorrência de 1315 acidentes, predominando acidentes de bicicleta, causados por contato com material cortante e por impacto contra objetos, diferente da literatura, que aponta predominância das quedas. Foi observado maior número de acidentes para o sexo feminino, diferente da literatura. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante na comparação dos perfis comportamentais dos escolares. Entretanto, foi observada diferença significativa no acidente causado por contato com material cortante. Nas respostas dos responsáveis e das professoras ao SDQ, houve correlação estatisticamente significante em quatro situações: 1) problemas de conduta segundo as professoras e os responsáveis; 2) problemas de conduta segundo as professoras e hiperatividade segundo os responsáveis; 3) hiperatividade segundo as professoras e segundo os responsáveis; e 4) comportamento pró social segundo as professoras e hiperatividade segundo os responsáveis. Nas análises de correlação entre as respostas dos responsáveis ao SDQ e das crianças ao QRA e entre as respostas das professoras ao SDQ e das crianças ao QRA predominantemente não houve correlação estatisticamente significativa, diferente da literatura. Foi observada correlação negativa entre o comportamento de hiperatividade das crianças, segundo as professoras, e o acidente de bicicleta e entre o comportamento de sintomas emocionais nas crianças, segundo as professoras, e o acidente do tipo impacto contra objetos. Concluiu-se que o perfil comportamental dos escolares esteve predominantemente dentro dos padrões de normalidade, que a ocorrência de acidentes foi importante e houve pouca correlação significativa entre os resultados, diferentemente da literatura. Sugeriu-se ampliação da amostra e de locais de coletas para investigar os resultados peculiares. / Children's behavioral changes or accidents in childhood can be particularly troublesome for child development, but there are scarce studies that investigate these variables in an integrated manner, seeking indicators for future practice. This study aimed to characterize the behavior and the occurrence of accidents with 5th year of elementary school students and examine relationships between both variables and between the behavior's data from different informants. The survey was conducted in a municipal elementary school of a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo. Attended by 60 students from four classes of 5th grade, of both sexes and an averege age of ten years old, their family and the four teachers of the classes. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was applied with family members and teachers and Accident Tracking Survey (QRA) was applied with the students; the participation of all was consented by signing the Term of Consent. There was a predominance of normal profile of students of both sexes in all SDQ scales, both in difficulties and in capabilities. However, there was an unusual standard of behavior, according to those responsible, in the emotional symptoms scale, with 26.9% for females and 38.1% for male and, according to the teachers, the scales of conduct problems and hyperactivity, with 37.5% each. The occurrence of 1315 accidents was identified, being bicycle accidents, contact with sharp materials and impact against objects, different from the literature, which indicates predominance in falls. There was a higher number of accidents for females, unlike literature. There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the behavioral profiles of schools. However, a significant difference was observed in the accident caused by contact with sharps materials. About the answers from their legal guardians and teachers of the SDQ, there was a statistically significant correlation in four situations: 1) conduct problems according to teachers and those responsible; 2) conduct problems according to teachers and hyperactivity, according to responsible; 3) hyperactivity according to the teachers and the responsible; and 4) social pro behavior according to the teachers and hyperactivity according to those responsible. In the correlation analysis between the answers of those responsible to the SDQ and children to the QRA and between the answers of teachers to SDQ and children to QRA predominantly there was no statistically significant correlation, unlike literature. Negative correlation between children's hyperactive behavior was observed, according to the teachers, and the bicycle accident and between the behavior of emotional symptoms in children, according to the teachers, and the accident of the type of impact against objects. We conclude that the behavioral profile of the students was mostly within the normal range, the occurrence of accidents was important and there was little correlation between the results, unlike literature. It is suggested larger sample collections and locations to investigate the peculiar results.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/137886 |
| Date | 09 March 2016 |
| Creators | Táparo, Flávia Arantes [UNESP] |
| Contributors | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Gimeniz-Paschoal, Sandra Regina [UNESP] |
| Publisher | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP, instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista, instacron:UNESP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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