The main goal of bone repair is to regenerate pre-existing properties and restore tissue integrity and function. It has been reported that bone contains numerous growth factors which are proposed to be released from the matrix during injury and mediate the repair process. These molecules act in synergistic action causing recruitment of progenitor stem cells to sites of bone injury, which then proliferate and differentiate into mature bone synthesising cells capable to initiate repair processes. It has been demonstrated that combinations of growth factors, such as the combinations found in the bone matrix, may be more effective in promoting bone healing compared with single growth factor therapy. This project focuses on understanding bone repair processes by stimulating ex vivo fractured rat mandible model with either endogenous growth factors released by chemical treatment or by exogenous single growth factor therapy and investigating their effects on cellular behaviour. This project utilised the ex vivo mandible model as a promising alternative to current model and fractures were made within the ex vivo mandible slices to mimic bone fracture repair scenario. In summary, ex vivo experimental models were used successfully to investigate mechanism of bone repair. The results demonstrated that bioactive growth factors, particularly TGF-β1, BMP2 and VEGF successfully released from the bone matrix by EDTA, citric acid and calcium hydroxide. These growth factors found to affect cellular behaviour, by influencing proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. Calcium hydroxide derived endogenous growth factors mediated the repair process of mandibular bone greater than exogenously applied BMP2. Calcium hydroxide may provide a novel therapeutic approaches to utilise the synergistic effect of cocktail growth factors entrapped in bone matrix to stimulate optimal bone regeneration and avoid issues regard single growth factor therapy.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:685498 |
| Date | January 2015 |
| Creators | Al-Mouallad, Abeer |
| Publisher | Cardiff University |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91239/ |
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