<p><b>Objectives</b> The study will assess patterns
of known individual, interpersonal, and community-level circumstances leading
to suicide to understand how these factors can co-occur. These patterns will
help focus on prevention strategies.</p><p><b>Methods</b> Data was collected from the
Iowa Violent Death Reporting System, Census data from the American Community
Survey, and 2010 rural-urban commuting area codes from the Economic Research
Service. The study consisted of three steps. The first step latent class
analysis was conducted on data from suicide deaths from Iowa in 2016-2018 to
create classes of patterns of circumstances leading to suicide. The second step
maximum probability assignment was used to assign the sample of 1,276 to the
created latent classes. Finally, in the third step bivariate regressions were
ran to understand the relationship between the created latent classes and the
rurality variable (nonmetropolitan vs metropolitan).</p><p><b>Results </b>Five latent classes of distinct
patterns of suicide factors emerged. Class 1
is physical health
problems living in areas that are average on all community-level variables.
This class 1 is seen to happen with higher odds in nonmetropolitan areas. Class
2 is interpersonal problems in areas where living alone is high. This class 2
happened with higher odds in nonmetropolitan areas. Class 3 is mental health
problems or depressed mood with no legal problems in areas that had lower
educational attainment. This class 3 did not indicate greater odds based on
rurality. Class 4 is history of mental health treatment in well-off areas. This
class 4 was seen to happen with higher odds in metropolitan areas. Class 5 is
substance abuse problems in poorer areas. This class 5 did not indicate greater
odds based on rurality. All the classes
shared a common theme of experiencing mental health issues or being in a
depressed mood.</p><p><b>Conclusions </b>Suicide is a complex concern
that could be classified into several classes that have distinct patterns of
suicide factors. These classes and patterns help with identifying what services
and interventions are needed in certain communities. Overall, providing support
in regards to mental health as well as intervening in childhood to support
positive development may provide substantial mitigation to the odds of
committing suicide. In investigating these patterns, future prevention and
intervention effort can take into consideration these patterns to tailor to the
individual and the environments where they live.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/15066939 |
| Date | 28 July 2021 |
| Creators | William Thomas Felix (11197254) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Suicide_Deaths_Do_Socioecological_Factors_Differ_by_Rurality/15066939 |
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