Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that offers advantages over traditional fusion welding. The amount of heat generated during a FSW process greatly influences the final properties of the weld. The heat is generated through two main mechanisms: friction and plastic deformation, with friction being the larger contributor in a FSW process. There is a need to develop better predictive models of the heat generation and heat transfer in FSW. Almost all models seen in the literature validate temperature predictions on only one side of the tool/workpiece interface, thus ignoring possible inaccuracy that comes from incorrect partitioning of heat generated by friction. This work seeks to model and validate both sides of the interface by matching experimental results for both the plunge and steady state phases of FSW for AA 6061-T6. Proper model validation allowed for a study of the sensitivity of the model predictions to changes in the friction coefficient and heat transfer coefficient at the tool/workpiece interface. Most models in the literature use the Coulomb friction law with a fixed friction coefficient, even though the Norton law better incorporates local material behavior. As such, for the plunge phase of FSW, a method for achieving a time dependent friction coefficient was developed and employed to match experimental temperatures, using Norton's viscoplastic friction law. A friction coefficient of 0.65 was used at the start of the plunge phase, decreasing to 0.08 during the steady state phase. This decrease in magnitude from plunge to steady state is similar to the decrease of the Coulomb friction coefficient calculated by Meyghani et al in a 2017 study. Tuning the models resulted in temperature predictions that differed from experimental measurements by no more than 1.5 percent for the non-steady state plunge and by no more than 9 percent for the steady state simulation. For both models, changes in the heat transfer coefficient had a large effect on tool temperature and very little effect on workpiece temperatures. Increasing the friction coefficient led to a proportional increase in temperature for both the tool and workpiece.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:BGMYU2/oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-11029 |
| Date | 26 June 2023 |
| Creators | Melander, Ryan |
| Publisher | BYU ScholarsArchive |
| Source Sets | Brigham Young University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Theses and Dissertations |
| Rights | https://lib.byu.edu/about/copyright/ |
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