Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which attacks the central nervous systems (CNS) white substance. The damages cause MS-plaques which lead to disability in the CNS. There are currently around 20,000 people in Sweden who live with the diagnosis and every year another 1,000 people develop MS. It is twice as common for women to suffer from MS in comparison with men. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the alemtuzumab and daclizumab infusion drugs. Methods: This work is a literature study based on 6 scientific articles. Results: Based on at least one of the studied parameters, which are improvement in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), annual relapse rate and sustained accumulation of disability (IFS), showed that all four studies on alemtuzumab provided a higher therapeutic effect than IFN-β-1a. The two studies on daclizumab showed in one article in comparison with placebo a better treatment effect. The article comparing daclizumab with IFN-β-1a did not show major differences between the preparations but a reduced annual relapse rate was observed. Conclusion: The studies showed that both alemtuzumab and daclizumab yield better effect than IFN-β-1a and placebo. Treatment with alemtuzumab gave slightly better results in persistent worsening of the disease (IFS) compared with daclizumab, IFN-β- 1a and placebo. Patients who were treated with alemtuzumab had worse adverse events in comparison to the group of patients who were treated with IFN-β-1a. This shows that the safety of treatment with alemtuzumab was lower in comparison to treatment with IFN-β-1a. Most fatal outcomes were found during treatment with alemtuzumab. These aspects makes one consider whether alemtuzumab may or may not be the best treatment option. Also daclizumab had some serious side effects, but those did not occur as much as with alemtuzumab treatment. IFN-β-1a has been a safer drug to use as compared to alemtuzumab and dalclizumab. On the other hand, the mechanism of action differs between the three drugs, which means that these can be tailored more individually to MS-affected patients and a more individual-based drug treatment may be possible.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:lnu-64471 |
| Date | January 2017 |
| Creators | Limani, Nereida |
| Publisher | Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB) |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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