Metastasis remains the largest contributor for ovarian cancer mortality. The five-year survival rate decreases dramatically as the disease advances from the primary tumor site to other organ sites within the peritoneal cavity. Thus, characterizing the mechanisms behind this metastatic potential may better elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer progression and may reveal novel targets for preventative and therapeutic treatments. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a critical secondary messenger responsible for many pro-cancer signals, e.g., proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and others. While S1P's role in the aggressive profile of many other cancers is well defined, its function in ovarian cancer development is less understood. The concentration of S1P is significantly increased in the ascites of women with malignant ovarian cancer, suggesting a role in ovarian cancer progression. This study aims to understand the importance of S1P in ovarian cancer metastasis. Using our well-characterized murine cell model for progressive ovarian cancer, we investigate the impact of S1P on ovarian cells and their interactions with the stromal vascular fraction recruited from the adipose tissue in culture conditions that mimic the physiologic environment of the peritoneal cavity. These studies will provide a mechanistic link of obesity, inflammation, and the increased risk of obese women to develop and die from ovarian cancer and identify signaling events as targets for interventions. / Master of Science / The mortality rate of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer increases significantly as the disease metastasizes to other regions. Understanding the progression of this disease can create better detection and treatment methods, improving the outcome of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid molecule that has been implicated in many pro-tumorigenic properties in cancer cells; however, its role in ovarian cancer is less known. Stromal cells excrete high levels of S1P and are recruited into tumors for support and many other functions. Elucidating the role stromal cell incorporation into tumors and the role of S1P in ovarian cancer aggressiveness may highlight key pathways that can be targeted for screening methods and therapeutic treatments. This paper aims to understand the connections between S1P, stromal cells, and ovarian cancer as it progresses from a primary site to a metastatic, highly aggressive disease.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:VTETD/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/86438 |
| Date | 26 June 2017 |
| Creators | Guinan, Jack Henry |
| Contributors | Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Schmelz, Eva M., Allen, Irving C., Grange, Robert W. |
| Publisher | Virginia Tech |
| Source Sets | Virginia Tech Theses and Dissertation |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | ETD, application/pdf, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document |
| Rights | In Copyright, http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
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