Carbon dioxide capture, transportation, and storage has been identified as the
most promising way to reduce anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) released into
the atmosphere. Efforts made to achieve this purpose include the Paris (Climate)
Accord. This agreement seeks to encourage countries to take the issue of rising
global temperatures seriously. With nearly all countries signing this agreement,
many CCTS projects are expected. Pipelines are employed in the transportation
of CO2. CO2 fluids contain impurities that affect the fluid properties and flow
dynamics, but pipelines are mostly designed assuming that the CO2 fluid is pure.
CO2 pipeline fluids contain at least 90 % CO2 with the balance made up of
impurities. The impurities include nitrogen, methane, oxygen, hydrogen, sulphur
dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, argon, etc.
The effects of the impurities are studied using simulation software; Aspen
HYSYS, gPROMS and HydraFlash. The results show that all impurities impacted
negatively on transportation. At equal concentrations, hydrogen had the greatest
effect on fluid properties and hydrogen sulphide the least impact. At the specified
allowable concentration, nitrogen had the worst effect on pressure loss (32.1 %) in horizontal pipeline, density, and critical pressure. Carbon monoxide (with only
0.2-mol %) had the smallest effect in pressure drop (0.3 %).
Analysis of supercritical and subcritical (or liquid) CO2 fluid transportation shows
that subcritical fluids have higher densities (more volume transported) and lower
pressure losses than supercritical fluids. Subcritical fluid transportation would
therefore have lower pipeline transportation costs than supercritical fluids. Also,
soil heat conductivity has greater effect than ambient temperature in buried
pipelines. Simple equations that approximate binary CO2 fluid properties from
pure CO2 properties were developed and presented.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:BRADFORD/oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/19190 |
| Date | January 2020 |
| Creators | Peletiri, Suoton P. |
| Contributors | Rahmanian, Nejat, Mujtaba, Iqbal |
| Publisher | University of Bradford, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics |
| Source Sets | Bradford Scholars |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis, doctoral, PhD |
| Rights | <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons Licence</a>. |
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