<p>Various factors, including low levels of physical activity (PA), and high consumption
levels of sugar-sweetened drinks (SD), have been implicated in the general increase of
fat mass (FM) levels seen in youth. <b>Purpose</b>: To determine if a significant relationship
exists between fat mass (FM) and physical activity (PA) or sugar-sweetened drink (SD),
in boys and girls, using longitudinal analysis. <b>Methods</b>: 105 boys and 103 girls were
assessed repeatedly during childhood and adolescence, for a maximum of 7 years.
Height was measured annually, as was fat free mass (FFM) and FM estimated by dual
X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). PA was evaluated bi-annually using a questionnaire for
children (PAQ-C/A: 1 low, 5 high), and SD was assessed using a 24-hour dietary intake
questionnaire completed 1-4 times/year. Years from peak height velocity were used as a
biological age indicator. Random effects models were used to analyze the data,
subsequent to log linearization of the FM variable since it was not initially normally
distributed. <b>Results</b>: The constructed model, controlling for maturation, FFM, and
adjusted energy intake, found no interaction effect between SD and PA (p>0.05). After
removal of the interaction term from the model, SD was found to have no significant
relationship (p>0.05) with FM of boys or girls. In contrast, PA level was found to have
a significant relationship (p<0.05) with FM of males; but not with FM of females.
<b>Conclusion</b>: The longitudinal models employed revealed a significant negative
relationship between level of PA and FM in males but not females, after controlling for
maturational status, body size and dietary energy intake. This finding lends support, to
proponents of increasing PA in youth to control FM. Regarding SD and FM, the models
employed showed no relationship. Future investigation with more complex models,
accounting for more covariates, may be warranted in this area.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:SSU.etd-08202012-091703 |
| Date | 20 August 2012 |
| Creators | Mundt, Clark |
| Contributors | Baxter-Jones, Adam, MacDonald, M., Whiting, S.J., Faulkner, R.A., Mirwald, R.L. |
| Publisher | University of Saskatchewan |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://library.usask.ca/theses/available/etd-08202012-091703/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to University of Saskatchewan or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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