<p>U radu su sprovedena ispitivanja kvaliteta semena samooplodnih linija kukuruza stvorenih u Institutu za kukuruz „Zemun Polje“ razliĉitih grupa zrenja i genetiĉke osnove. U laboratorijskim i poljskim uslovima utvrĊena je klijavost i vigor semena iz 2011. nakon ĉetiri godine ĉuvanja u kontrolisanim uslovima (18 °C i 60% RH) i semena iz 2014. nakon godinu dana ĉuvanja na 5 °C i 60% RH.<br />Cilj je bio utvrditi tolerantnost odabranih linija na niske temperature prilikom klijanja i nicanja, dugoveĉnost semena u kontrolisanim uslovima ĉuvanja, genetiĉku divergentnost linija primenom proteinskih markera i proceniti uticaj genetiĉke osnove na kvalitet semena.<br />U laboratoriji za ispitivanje semena praćeni su sledeći parametri kvaliteta: vitalnost, klijavost, energija klijanja, dužina klijanaca, vigor ispitan tetrazolium testom, hladnim testom, testom ubrzanog starenja, testom pojave primarnog korena i testom provodljivosti.<br />Primenom vigor testova na semenu dva nivoa starosti omogućena je bolja klasifikacija linija u pogledu kvaliteta, nego standardnim testom klijavosti. Rezultati rada ukazuju da su hladni test i test ubrzanog starenja najpogodniji za procenu vigora semena u laboratoriji, s tim da je hladni test bolji pokazatelj nicanja u polju.<br />Ispitivane samooplodne linije pokazale su dobru sposobnost oĉuvanja kvaliteta semena kao i visok nivo toleratnosti na niske temperature u toku klijanja i ranog porasta biljaka. Kontrolisani uslovi ĉuvanja na 18 °C omogućili su da se klijavost i vigor semena u ispitivanom periodu, održi na visokom nivou.<br />Dužina vegetacije samooplodnih linija nije imala znaĉajan uticaj na klijavost i vigor semena. Kvalitet semena ispitivanih samooplodnih linija je prvenstveno bio pod uticajem genetiĉke osnove. Linije poreklom od Lancaster populacije imale su slabiji vigor u odnosu na linije BSSS i Iowa Dent porekla.<br />U radu je potvrĊeno da vigor testovi imaju važnu ulogu u ispitivanju kvaliteta semena samooplodnih linija kukuruza. Dobijeni rezultati direktno se mogu iskoristiti u oplemenjivaĉkim programima u cilju poboljšanja klijavosti i vigora semena. Ostvareni rezultati ukazuju da su informacije o genetiĉkom poreklu samooplodnih linija važan indikator vigora semena. Pored podataka o genetiĉkom poreklu linija veliki znaĉaj ima karakterizacija putem biohemijskih markera.</p> / <p>The extensive seed quality evaluations of maize inbred lines developed at the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje of different maturity groups and genetic background were conducted. In laboratory and field conditions germination and vigour of seed produced in 2011 and 2014 was determined, after four years of storage at 18 °C, 60% RH and one year of storage at 5 °C, 60% RH, respectively.<br />The objective of this research was to determine the chilling tolerance of selected inbred lines during germination and emergence, seed longevity under controlled storage conditions, genetic divergence determined by biochemical markers and to assess the impact of the genetic background on seed quality.<br />Following seed quality parameters were tested: viability, germination, seedling length and vigour examined by cold test, accelerated ageing test, tetrazolium test, radicle emergence test and conductivity test.<br />Vigour tests provided a better classification of inbred lines of different seed age in terms of quality than standard germination test. Obtained results show that cold test and accelerated aging test are the most suitable for assessing seed vigour in the laboratory, but cold test is a better indicator of field emergence.<br />Tested maize inbred lines showed good seed storability and high level of chilling tolerance during germination and early growth of plants. Controlled storage conditions at 18 °C, have enabled that germination and seed vigor remains at the high level in the examined period.<br />Seed germination and vigour of maize inbred lines were not affected by length of vegetation. Seed quality was primarily influenced by genetic background of tested inbred lines. Inbred lines originating from Lancaster populations had lower vigour compared to lines with BSSS and Iowa Dent origin.<br />This research confirmed that vigor tests play an important role in seed quality testing of maize inbred lines. Results of this work can be directly used in breeding programs to improve germination and seed vigour. Achieved results indicate that information about the genetic origin of inbred lines is an important indicator of seed vigour. Finally, data emphasized the importance of inbred line characterization by biochemical markers in addition to genetic origin information.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)101400 |
| Date | 30 September 2016 |
| Creators | Milivojević Marija |
| Contributors | Boćanski Jan, Srdić Jelena, Maksimović Ivana |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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