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Previous issue date: 2002-03-27 / We have studied the influence of using 6 different coefficients of similarity when
grouping 16 varieties of rice analyzed by the RAPD technique. DNA samples of these
varieties were amplified using 20 primers, only 15 (75%) of which produced amplified
fragments, compresing 90 of these were polimorphic fragments. The analysis of the
band, profile produced a ?fingerprint?. For the calculation of the similarity index several
coefficients were tested: Nei & Li, Jaccard, Ochiai, Russel & Rao, Simple Matching and
Rogers & Tanimoto. Comparison among them was carried out through the evaluation of
the dendrograms generated by the UPGMA algorithm and by the correlations between
the genetic pitches. The coefficients of Nei & Li, Jaccard, and Ochiai discriminated the
varieties in three main groups according to their genetic similarities. Our results show
that the coefficients of Nei & Li, Jaccard and Ochiai adjusted better the groups with
hight genetic similarities. While the coefficients Simple Matching and Rogers &
Tanimoto were not as efficient, banding together varieties that are genetically different.
In experiments, with the objective to studies the effect of levels (20 or 60 mg N/L) e
forms of N (NH4
+ and NO3
-) under the kinetics parameters, proton extrusion, the
activity of the N-assimilation enzymes and the N-partition in the plant, were conducted
in greenhouse, using 5 upland rice varieties (Lageado, IAC 47, Dobradinho, Agulha e
Bico Ganga), in nutrient solution. It was observed an ample variation of the kinetics
parameters and biochemists, and a distinguishing behavior among varieties in the
uptake and use of N. The varieties Agulha and IAC-47 had presented the best
combination of KM, Vm?x, GS/GOGAT in conditions of hight avaibility of N- NO3
-,
and Bico Ganga, in conditions of low avaibility of N- NO3
- in nutrient solution. In
another experiment, with the objective to study the assimilation and remobiliza??o of N
in season nitrate conditions, used varieties Sagrim?o, Goiano, Zebu, Agulha, IAC 1278,
IR08, Comum Branco, IAC 47 e Ligeiro had been cultivated in nutritional solution. The
N-assimilation enzymes were estudied in the leaf blades and root of 62 and 69 days old
rice plants, under 20 and 200 mg mgN-NO3
-/L. Under higher nitrate supply had increase
the activity of the NR, GS and GOGAT in rice plants. The GS activities had been low in
roots, in comparison with the activities observed in leaf. The GOGAT activity was
bigger in roots, in both the treatments. The GDH-A activity occurred mainly in tessues
foliar. The GDH-D activity occurred in leaf as in roots. The GDH-D activity not
occurred in tissues foliar. The activity of the enzymes of N-assimilation was higher in
tissues foliar. These results seem indicate the leaves as the main site of NH4
+-N
assimilation in rice plants under higher NO3
--supply. / Neste trabalho avaliaram-se as altera??es provocadas por 6 diferentes coeficientes de
similaridade no agrupamento de 16 variedades de arroz analisadas pela t?cnica de
RAPD. Amostras de DNA das variedades foram amplificadas com 20 iniciadores, sendo
15 (75%) produziram fragmentos amplificados, resultando em 90 fragmentos
polim?rficos. A an?lise dos resultados se constituiu na descri??o do padr?o de bandas.
Para o c?lculo do coeficiente de similaridade foram testados os coeficientes Nei & Li,
Jaccard, Ochiai, Russel & Rao, Simple Matching e Rogers & Tanimoto, sendo as
compara??es entre eles realizadas pela avalia??o dos dendrogramas gerados pelo
algoritmo UPGMA e pelas correla??es entre as dist?ncias gen?ticas. Os resultados
obtidos indicam que os melhores coeficientes para determina??o da similaridade foram
os de Nei & Li, de Jaccard e de Ochiai que foram capazes de agrupar as variedades com
alta similaridade, enquanto os coeficientes Simple Matching e de Rogers & Tanimoto
foram ligeiramente inferiores colocando variedades distantes no mesmo grupo. Em
experimentos objetivando analisar o efeito de n?veis (20 e 60 mg N/L) e formas de N
(NH4
+ e NO3
-) sob os par?metros cin?ticos de absor??o, a extrus?o de pr?tons, a
atividade das enzimas de assimila??o de N, e a parti??o de N na planta, usou-se 5
variedades de arroz-de-sequeiro (Lageado, IAC 47, Dobradinho, Agulha e Bico Ganga),
cultivadas em solu??o nutritiva. Houve um comportamento diferencial entre as
variedades quanta ? capacidade de absor??o e uso de N. As variedades Agulha e IAC 47
apresentaram a melhor combina??o de KM, Vm?x, GS/GOGAT em condi??es de alta
disponibilidade de N-NO3
-, e a variedade Bico Ganga, sob condi??es de baixa
disponibilidade de N. Noutro experimento, objetivando estudar a assimila??o e
remobiliza??o de N em condi??es sazonais de N, utilizou-se as variedades Sagrim?o,
Goiano, Zebu, Agulha, IAC 1278, IR 08, Comum Branco, IAC 25 e Ligeiro, com 62 e
69 dias de idade, cultivadas em solu??o nutritiva, com 20 e 200 mg N-NO3
-/L. O
aumento no suprimento de N aumentou a atividade da NR, da GS e GOGAT. A
atividade de NR ocorreu em ra?zes e na parte a?rea. A atividade da GS foi baixa em
ra?zes. A atividade da GOGAT foi maior nas ra?zes, em ambos os tratamentos. A
atividade de GDH-A ocorreu principalmente em tecidos foliares. A atividade de GDHD
ocorreu tanto em folhas como em ra?zes. A atividade das enzimas de assimila??o de
N foi superior nas folhas, indicando serem estas os principais s?tios de incorpora??o de
am?nio em amino?cidos, quando plantas de arroz s?o submetidas a altos n?veis de NO3
-.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1157 |
| Date | 27 March 2002 |
| Creators | Baptista, Jane de Ara?jo |
| Contributors | Fernandes, Manlio Silvestre, Souza, Sonia Regina, Rumjanek, Norma Gouv?a |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia e Ci?ncia do Solo, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Agronomia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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