El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la presencia de organismos en coprolitos de pobladores precolombinos de la Ciudad Pesquera de Áspero, que se desarrolló durante el Periodo Arcaico Tardío (3000 – 1800 a. C.). Se registraron 20 coprolitos, proporcionados por los arqueólogos del Proyecto Especial Arqueológico Caral - Supe/INC, los que fueron rehidratados con solución acuosa de fosfato trisódico, para aplicar la técnica de sedimentación espontánea en tubo y también, para la identificación de organismos se observaron las características morfológicas y mensurables. En el 75% de coprolitos examinados se identificaron microrrestos de tejidos de plantas monocotiledóneas y dicotiledóneas. Entre los macrorrestos, se encontraron semillas de Psidum guajava (20%). Asimismo, el 90% de los coprolitos presentaron diatomeas marinas, identificando 18 taxones de estos organismos fitoplanctónicos y se observaron vértebras de Engraulis ringens “anchoveta” (40%). En el 25% de los coprolitos examinados, se encontró parásitos intestinales, identificándose formas vacuolares de Blastocystis sp. (15%), quistes de Entamoeba sp., Entamoeba coli y huevos de Enterobius vermicularis (5%). Estos hallazgos, permiten deducir algunas características de las condiciones de vida de los pobladores precolombinos de Áspero, como el consumo de plantas monocotiledóneas, dicotiledóneas, y recursos pesqueros, que formaron parte de su dieta. También se deduce que la población estuvo infectada por parásitos intestinales y que las condiciones como el fecalismo y el hacinamiento facilitaron la presencia y diseminación de infecciones como la enterobiosis y la blastocistosis. / --- The present study aimed to determine the presence of organisms in coprolites of preColumbian inhabitants of Aspero Fishing Town, which developed during Late Archaic Period (3000 - 1800 BC). Twenty (20) coprolites were recorded, provided by the archaeologists of the Caral - Supe Especial Archaeological Project / INC, which were rehydrated with aqueous solution of trisodium phosphate, in order to apply the spontaneous sedimentation tube technique and, also, for the identification of organisms were used morphometric and measurable characteristics. In 75% of the examined coprolites were identified microremains of tissues of monocotyledoneous and dicotyledoneous plants. Among macrorremains, seeds of Psidum guajava (20%) were found. Furthermore, 90% of the coprolites presented marine diatoms, identifying 18 taxa of these phytoplankton organisms, and were observed Engraulis ringens "anchovy" vertebrae (40%). In 25% of the examined coprolites, intestinal parasites were found, identifying vacuolar forms of Blastocystis sp. (15%), cysts of Entamoeba sp., Entamoeba coli and eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (5%). These findings allow us to deduce some characteristics of the living conditions of pre-Columbian inhabitants of Aspero, as the consumption of monocotyledoneous and dicotyledoneous plants and fishing resources as part of their diet. It also follows that these settlers were infected with intestinal parasites, and that there were conditions like defecation and overcrowding, which facilitated the presence and spread of infections such as enterobiosis and blastocystosis.
Keywords: coprolites, organisms, diatoms, intestinal parasites, pre-Columbian inhabitants, Aspero.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:Cybertesis/oai:cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe:cybertesis/3876 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Creators | Flores Caballero, Karen Aracelly |
| Contributors | Gárate Camacho, Inés |
| Publisher | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos |
| Source Sets | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - SISBIB PERU |
| Language | Spanish |
| Detected Language | Spanish |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/bacherlorThesis |
| Source | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Repositorio de Tesis - UNMSM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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