To evaluate the anticancer potential of sorghum phenolic compounds, different
experiments including in vitro and in vivo tests were performed. A set of 25 sorghum
samples was evaluated for phenolic (total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and
tannins) content, hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant capacity using de Oxygen
Radical Absorbance Capacity assay (ORAC), and screened for citotoxic properties in
mammary, colon and hepatic mammalian cancer cell lines in vitro. Results indicated
that there was a wide variability in the phytochemical profile among the different
sorghums. Among the 25 samples, sumac sorghum bran had the highest amount of
phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins and the highest ORAC values. It exerted the
highest percent inhibition (near 100%) in mammary, colon and liver cancer cell lines.
Sumac sorghum bran was selected for further investigation. Methanolic extracts from
sumac whole grain, bran and tannin removed bran were tested in vitro at different
concentrations in hormone dependent MCF-7 mammary cancer cells and non hormone
dependent Caco2 and HepG2 colon and liver cancer cells. Results indicated that the
methanolic extract from sumac bran inhibited 100% of MCF-7 cancer cells at a
concentration of 0.5 mg/ml and that the citotoxic effect could be partially due to the
tannin content of the extract. Concentrations of 0.5 and 1.5 mg/ml were selected for an
in vivo preventive cancer study with 7,12-dymethylbenz(a)-anthracene (DMBA) induced
female rats. Bran at low and high concentrations and the correspondent amount of
methanol extracts were included in the diet. It was observed that sumac methanol
extract at low concentration promoted tumor appearance and development, whereas
sumac bran had a preventive effect, however, there were no significant differences in
rats treated and un-treated with sumac. Differences between in vitro and in vivo results could be due to the degree of absorption of tannins during the in vivo experiment. To
obtain additional data about the effect of sumac extracts on cancer development, a
quinone reductase enzyme bioassay was performed. Methanol and hexane extracts
from sumac bran induced phase II enzymes in vitro. Phytochemicals of sumac bran
sorghum including phenolic compounds and lipid like compounds appeared to have
potential for cancer prevention.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:tamu.edu/oai:repository.tamu.edu:1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2745 |
| Date | 15 May 2009 |
| Creators | Guajardo Flores, Sara |
| Contributors | Rooney, Lloyd W, Serna-Saldivar, Sergio |
| Source Sets | Texas A and M University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Book, Thesis, Electronic Dissertation, text |
| Format | electronic, application/pdf, born digital |
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