Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa declared all 11 South African languages official to bring back dignity to
all citizens of this country and to ensure that communication reaches all people in the
language of their choice. In an effort to meet this constitutional mandate, government
institutions are obliged to translate documents into all official national or provincial
languages.
Before 1998, only two languages were used in official documentation -and those were
English and Afrikaans. That meant that a lot of money was invested in and committed
into developing these two languages, especially Afrikaans, so that they could be
used readily in all official and general communication. African languages were not
developed as much then and this became a problem when they were declared official
as they were not ready to meet the challenges of official and technical use.
Government has not been able to identify this as a problem and has therefore lightly
and ignorantly regarded tasks such as translation as easy tasks that can be handled
by any speaker of the language concerned. This has resulted in very poor
translations.
This study begins with an introduction that entails the hyphothesis. According to the
hyphothesis, most government documents translated into isiXhosa do not
communicate with their target audiences because of their poor quality. This makes it
difficult for target readers to follow the message. The poor quality results from the
use of either untrained translators or people who claim that they can translate -as well
as the use of any language speaker to translate by the virtue of being able to speak
the language concerned. In other instances, the issue is not the quality but rather
transliteration because of the use of language professionals such as lecturers who
are conversant with the language and grammar, but who have no expertise, training
or experience in translation.
Chapter 2 explores the three main approaches of translation, namely the linguistic
approach, the text-linguistic approach and the functional approach. In this chapter,
the results of extensive research and development over the years in the translation
field are presented. In Chapter 3, two government documents are analysed by the
researcher and by a group of participants who were given relevant questionnaires
and others interviewed. In Chapter 4, the reasons for poor quality are identified and, in Chapters 5 and 6, solutions to problems and reasons for poor translation are
suggested. It is hoped that the research will stimulate a new subject for discussion
and a field of study concerning translation into African languages so that government
can seriously regard translation as a specialist field. / (ISIXHOSA) AMAGQABANTSHINTSHI: UMzantsi Afrika umisele zonke iilwimi ezilishumi elinanye zeli lizwe
njengezisemthethweni ukubuyisela isidima sabemi bell lizwe. Oku kwenzelwa
nokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani ufumana ulwazi ngolwimi afuna ukulufumana
ngalo. Kwimizamo yokuphumeza le njongo yoMgago-siseko, amaziko karhulumente
kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba aguqulele onke amaxwebhu kuzo zonke iilwimi
ezisemthethweni zelizwe okanye zephondo.
Phambi ko-1998, zimbini kuphela iilwimi ebezisemthethweni, ibisisiNgesi nesiBhulu.
Oku kwenza ukuba ezi lwimi zimbini ziphuhliswe, ingakumbi isiBhulu, ukulungiselela
ukuba zikwazi ukusetyenziswa kumaxwebhu asemthethweni nakunxibelelwano
ngokubanzi. lilwimi zesintu azizange ziphuhliswe kangako, nto leyo ekhokelele
ekubeni zijongane nemiceli-mngeni emva kokuba zamiselwa ngokusemthethweni.
Urhulumente akakuboni ukuba oku kuseyingxaki kangangokuba imisebenzi efana
noguqulo-lwimi uyithatha njengemisebenzi elula nenokwenziwa nguye nabani na
okwazi ukuthetha ulwimi olo. Oku kubangela ukuba sibe namaxwebhu aguqulwe
kakubi nangafundekiyo.
Le thisisi iqala ngokubeka ingxaki yokuba, amaxwebhu amaninzi karhulumente
aguqulelwe esiXhoseni akafundeki ngenxa yokuba uguqulo olo lukumgangatho
ophantsi. Oku kwenza ukuba abo bantetho isisiXhosa abafanele ukufunda la
maxwebhu, bangayilandeli into ebhalwe kuwo. Olu luguqulo lungafundekiyo
lwenziwa kukusetyenziswa kwabaguquli-lwimi abangawuqeqeshelwanga lo
msebenzi kwakunye nabo bathi bayakwazi ukuguqula ukuya kuma ekusetyenzisweni
kwaye nawuphi na umntu othetha olu lwimi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingxaki kukuba
abo baguqulayo bavele balandele ulwimi olo basukuba beguqula kulo
nokusetyenziswa kweengcali zolwimi ezifana nabahlohli zibe zingenabungcali
naluqeqesho lokutolika okanye loguqulo-lwimi.
lsahluko sesibini sichaza ngokubanzi ngezifundo zoguqulo nophando osele lwenziwe
kwezi zifundo. Sichaphazela iindlela-ndlela zoguqulo eziphambili. Eyokuqala yileyo
yokuguqula uqinisekisa ukuba onke amagama akuxwebhu aguquliwe kunye nazo
zonke izigaba zentetho ezilapha. Eyesibini yileyo iqinisekisa ukuba ingxam
yoxwebhu iguquliwe ze eyesithathu ibe yekuguqulwa kulandelwa injongo efanele ukuphunyezwa luxwebhu olo nokuqinisekisa ukuba uyazanezisa iimfuno nolwazi
lwabantu abaza kulusebenzisa.
KwiSahluko sesi-3, umbhali nomphandi wolu xwebhu uye waphonononga waza
wehla amahlongwane amaxwebhu amabini karhulumente, wawanika nabanye
abantu ukuba bakhe bawajonge yaye banike izimvo zabo ngawo. KwiSahluko sesi-4,
Izizathu ezenza ukuba la maxwebhu angafundeki kamnandi zichaziwe ze kwiSahluko
sesi-5 nesesi-6 kwanikwa iingcebiso nezisombululo eziya kunceda ukuba kuguqulwe
ngendlela engcono. Umphandi lo unomnqweno nethemba lokuba olu phando luya
kubangela ukuba lo mba ukhe uqwalaselisiswe. Ukwathemba kananjalo ukuba
ngenxa yolu phando kuya kuthi kuntshule ezinye izifundo ezijonga le ngxaki, ukuze
urhulumente ayithathele ingqalelo into yokuba uguqulo-lwimi lufanele ukwenziwa
ngabo bantu bawuqeqeshelweyo okanye bawufundeleyo lo msebenzi. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika het al elf Suid-Afrikaanse tale amptelik verklaar om waardigheid terug te
bring na al die landsburgers en om te verseker dat kommunikasie almal in die taal
van sy of haar keuse bereik. Ten einde uitvoering te gee aan hierdie grondwetlike
mandaat, is staatsinstellings verplig om dokumente in al die nasionale of provinsiale
tale te vertaal.
Voor 1998 was daar net twee amptelike tale, naamlik Afrikaans en Engels. Dit het
behels dat baie geld bestee en verbind is om hierdie twee tale en veral Afrikaans te
ontwikkel sodat hulle maklik in alle amptelike en algemene kommunikasie gebruik
kon word. Pogings is nie dienooreenkomstig aangewend om die Afrikatale te
ontwikkel nie. Dit het onmiddellik aanleiding tot probleme gegee toe die Afrikatale as
amptelik verklaar is aangesien hulle nie gereed was om die uitdagings van amptelike
en tegniese gebruik die hoof te bied nie. Die regering het dit nie as 'n probleem
beskou nie en het dus ligtelik en onkundig sulke take soos vertaling as maklike take
beskou wat deur enige spreker van die taal gedoen kon word. Dit het gelei tot baie
swak vertalings.
Die studie begin met 'n inleiding wat die hipotese stel, naamlik dat die meeste
staatsdokumente wat in isiXhosa vertaal word, nie met hul teikengroepe
kommunikeer nie omdat die swak gehalte daarvan dit moeilik maak vir die
teikengroep om die boodskap te verstaan. Die swak gehalte spruit uit die gebruik van
of onopgeleide vertalers, Of enigeen wat daarop aanspraak maak dat hy of sy kan
vertaal, of uit die situasie waar enige spreker van 'n taal versoek word om te vertaal
omdat hy of sy die taal kan praat. In ander gevalle is die probleem nie die gehalte
nie, maar eerder transliterasie en die gebruik van akademici wat vertroud is met die
taal en die grammatika, maar geen vertaalkundigheid, -opleiding of —ervaring het nie.
Hoofstuk 2 ondersoek die drie vernaamste benaderings tot vertaling, naamlik die
linguistiese benadering, die tekslinguistiese benadering en die funksionalistiese
benadering. Die resultate van omvattende navorsing en ontwikkeling ten opsigte van
hierdie benaderings wat oor die jare in die veld van vertaling gemaak is, word hier
aangebied. In hoofstuk 3 word twee staatsdokumente deur die navorser ontleed en ook deur 'n
groep deelnemers wat tersaaklike vraelyste moes invul en met wie onderhoude
gevoer is. Die oorsake van swak gehalte word bepaal en oplossings word in
hoofstuk 4 aanbeveel. In hoofstukke 5 en 6 word oplossings tot en redes vir
vertaalprobleme aangevoer.
Hierdie navorsing sal hopelik 'n nuwe onderwerp vir bespreking en 'n studieveld ten
opsigte van vertaling in Afrikatale bevorder sodat die regering ems kan maak
daarmee om vertaling as 'n spesialisveld te beskou.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/50575 |
| Date | 03 1900 |
| Creators | Saliwa, Ncebakazi Faith |
| Contributors | Feinauer, A. E., Jadezweni, M. W., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Afrikaans and Dutch. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 148 pages |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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