<p>Proizvodnja mladog krompira u Srbiji je značajna zbog obezbeđenja ove izuzetno cenjene i delikatesne namirnice u periodu od aprila do juna kada je u ponudi na tržištu malo drugog svežeg povrća. Osim toga cena mladog krompira je uglavnom visoka, pa je značaj i po osnovu profitabilnosti ove kulture velik.<br />U periodu 2004-2006. godine ispitivan je efekat malčovanja polietilenskom folijom i<br />neposrednog pokrivanja biljaka sa i bez noseće konstrukcije, kao i kombinacija ovih specifičnih agrotehničkih mera na ranostasnost, prinos i komponente prinosa i kvalitet mladog krompira kod ranih sorti Cleopatra i Riviera. U cilju rešavanja postavljenog zadatka sprovedeno je istraživanje, na lokalitetu južno bačkog okruga (Begeč), postavljen je dvofaktorijalni ogled po split plot planu u pet ponavljanja.<br />Ispitivane agrotehničke mere i njihove kombinacije značajno su uticale na ranostasnost i prinos mladog krompira. Formiranje tržišnih krtola (krtole veće od 28 mm) bilo je za 10-15 dana ranije u odnosu na kontrolnu (nepokrivenu) varijantu. Najveći prinos u trogodišnjem istraživanju postignut je na varijanti agrotekstil+niski tunel (40,07 t/ha). U odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu, prinos je bio veći za 19% (u prvoj godini za 22%, drugoj za 16%, dok je u trećoj godini prinos bio veći za 18%).<br />Najveći broj krtola mladog krompira, u trogodišnjem istraživanju, ostvaren je na<br />kontrolnoj varijanti (9,43), stim što je udeo tržišnih krtola (krtole veće od 28 mm) na kontroli iznosio 89% naspram 95% ostvaren na pokrivenim varijantama. Riviera je ostvarila veći broj krtola po biljci u odnosu na Cleopatru.<br />Ispitivane agrotehničke mere uticale su na povećanje mase krtola po biljci. Najveća masa krtola po biljci u trogodišnjem ogledu ostvaren je na tretmanima agrotekstil+niski tunel (853,17 g) i malčovanje+agrotekstil+niski tunel (850,17 g), dok je najmanja masa zabeležena na kontrolnoj varijanti (640 g). Sorta Riviera je ostvarila značajno veću masu krtola u odnosu na Cleopatru.<br />Ispitivani tretmani su ostvarili veću prosečnu masu jedne krtole za 52% u odnosu na<br />kontrolnu varijantu.<br />Ispitivani tretmani značajno su uticali i na kvalitet mladog krompira; odnosno na<br />povećanje sadržaja suve materije, skroba, vitamina C, celuloze i pepela u krtolama, a na<br />smanjenje sadržaja šećera i nitrata.</p> / <p>Production of early potato in Republic of Serbia is important because it provides this<br />highly valued delicates food during the period from April to June, when there is low offer of other<br />fresh vegetables on the market. Besides, price of early potato is usually high so it is important as<br />profitable crop.<br />During the period 2004-2006 effect of mulching with polyethylene foil and direct<br />coverage of plants with agrotextile and low tunnel, as well as combinations of these specific<br />agricultural measures on earliness, yield and yield components and quality of two early potato<br />varieties Cleopatra and Riviera was examined. In order to achieve given objective research was<br />conducted at the site in South Bačka District (Begeč), it set up the two-factorial experiment at<br />split plot plan in five replications.<br />The tested of agricultural measures and their combinations significantly influenced<br />earliness and yield of early potato. The forming of market tubers (tubers larger than 28 mm) was<br />10-15 days earlier than on the control variant (bare soil and uncover plants). The highest yield of<br />the three-year study has been made on the variant combination of agrotextile and low tunnel<br />(40,07 t/ha). Compared to the control variant, the yield was increased by 19% (in the first year<br />increase of 22%, second year increase was 16%, while in the third year yield increase was 18%).<br />The largest number of tubers of early potatoes, in three-year study, has been on the<br />control variant (9,43), but the share of market tubers (tubers larger than 28 mm) on the control<br />variant was 89% versus 95% achieved in covered variants. Variety Riviera has achieved greater<br />number of tubers per plant compared to variety Cleopatra.<br />The tested agricultural measures affected mass increase of tubers per plant. The<br />maximum weight of tubers per plant in the three-year experiment was realized in the treatment<br />combination of agrotextile and low tunnel (853,17 g) and combination of mulching, agrotextile<br />and low tunnel (850,17 g), while the lowest mass was recorded in the control variant (640 g).<br />Variety Riviera has achieved significantly higher tuber weight relative to Cleopatra.<br />The tested treatments have also achieved a higher average weight of a tuber of 52%<br />compared to the control variant.<br />The tested treatments significantly influenced quality of early potato; i.e. the increase the<br />content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C, cellulose and ash in the tubers and on reduction of sugar<br />and nitrate content.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)101166 |
| Date | 23 September 2016 |
| Creators | Vujasinović Vuk |
| Contributors | Ilin Žarko, Pejić Borivoj, Crnobarac Jovan, Žnidarčić Dragan, Broćić Zoran |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | PhD thesis |
Page generated in 0.0027 seconds