當社會進入以創意為主的經濟型態，如何促進豐沛創意快速衍生，是大眾關注的焦點，也為企業興衰的關鍵。創意泉源始於創造新構想的個人。許多文獻多以探究創意者出發，卻忽略創新實為創意者、守門者、社會系統互動所建構。因此，過去創新管理，多以創意者角度思考，鮮以守門觀點探討；創新、研發、創造力理論脈絡，也甚少直接研究守門內涵。
因此，本文以Lewin守門理論為基礎，整合演化、技術守門、創造力系統、體制理論，推衍何為創意構想守門，提出其運作包含：守門能耐-贏取信任基礎的能力、提供動機誘因的能力、具備專業能力；體制規則-評估標準、互動程度等二構念五因子。之後，依此多構念架構，Hinkin（1998）嚴謹發展程序，以三群不同獨立樣本，發展具信效度的量表，驗證專案團隊內創意構想守門概念結構模型的合宜性；接著，本研究進一步嘗試以上述整合性的守門觀點，探討其內涵與創新績效的關係，釐清篩選構想的守門活動，是否真為阻礙創新的絆腳石，或其實為促進創新的關鍵；最後，本研究釐清篩選創意構想的守門活動，是阻礙創新的絆腳石，或為扶植創意構想成長，催化創新的關鍵後，探討創意構想守門是如何促進創新的發生。
本研究以結構方程模式，分析專案團隊創意構想守門之守門能耐及體制規則、創新實踐作為與專案團隊創新績效的關係，以具創意構想守門經驗之專案團隊為研究對象，自433家公司回收111份團隊有效問卷。
結果發現，創意構想守門能耐及創新型體制規則與專案團隊創新績效呈正相關，且體制規則調節守門能耐與創新績效之關係，且創新實踐作為亦中介創意構想守門與創新績效之關係。而本文除強調以守門角度思考對管理創新的重要性；也提出創意構想守門內涵供經理人設計創意構想守門時，一個有系統的思考框架；而所發展具信效度之量表及創意構想守門與創新績效關係的實證結果，亦可作為後續研究的基礎。 / Nowadays, the raise of economy in our society is from creative ideas. Thus, people care about how to promote abundance creative ideas growing fast. In addition, firms also get survive in serious competitions by these creative ideas. The sources of creative ideas are from brilliant creators. So, researchers of innovation management often begin their studies from the creator’s perspective. There are rarely researchers starting their researches from another actor’s view. However, this perspective ignores that the creativity is the interactions among creators, gatekeepers, and whole society.
Therefore, this study tried to clarify what the gatekeeping is. The study follows the logic of Lewin’s gatekeeping theory, introduces the evolution perspective, and integrates the technology gatekeeper, Csikszentmihaly’s system model, and institutional theory to approach the gatekeeping in selecting creative ideas. This study proposes there are five key factors, the abilities of earning creators’ trust, raising creator’s motivation, selecting ideas’ professional abilities, evaluating standards, and the degree of interactions in the gatekeeping construct. Then, according to the Lewin’s gatekeeping theory, this study classifies these five factors into two dimensions, the gatekeeping capabilities and institutional routines. Then, basis of this theoretical model and Hinkin’s (1998) procedure, this study develops and tests the questionnaire of the gatekeeping creative ideas inside the project teams. After that, the aim of this article explores how and why the gatekeeping and the innovation performance are related.
This research involved a survey, comprised of four sets of questionnaires concerning the gatekeepong capabilities, institutional routines, innovative enabling behaviors, and innovation performances. 111 project teams participated in the study. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaires was conducted through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and structural equation modeling in order to indicate the direction and relationships among the four sets of variables.
The result proves the concept theoretical model of gatekeeping creative ideas is reasonable and the questionnaire has fair reliability and validity. Furthermore, results of this study also showed a medium level of consistence among the four variables of the gatekeeping capabilities, institution routines, innovative enabling behaviors, and innovation performances. To conclude, this study may be of importance in explaining the relationship between gatekeeping and innovation performance, as well as in providing the researchers and managers with a better understanding of how and why gatekeeping in creative ideas relate to the innovation performances. Therefore, this research can be the foundation of creative ideas’ gatekeeping for innovation studies in the future. It also reminds the managers the importance of gatekeeping and provides a thinking model in managing innovations.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0893595031 |
| Creators | 項維欣, Hsiang, Wei-Hsin |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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