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Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o desempenho de vacas F1 (Holand?s x Zebu) em lacta??o, em fun??o de diferentes n?veis de substitui??o do farelo de soja por nitrog?nio n?o proteico equivalente prote?na, oriundo de ureia de libera??o lenta (ULL). Foram utilizadas oito vacas F1 (Holand?s x Zebu) no ter?o inicial de lacta??o, com produ??o m?dia de 12,7 kg (? 3,1 kg) de leite/dia e 552 kg (? 30 kg) de peso vivo. O delineamento experimental foi composto de dois quadrados latinos simult?neos 4x4, de acordo com os seguintes tratamentos: Controle (100% de farelo de soja e 0% de ULL), 34ULL (66% de farelo de soja e 34% de ULL), 66ULL (34% de farelo de soja e 66% de ULL) e 100ULL (0% de farelo de soja e 100% de ULL). O volumoso fornecido, juntamente ao concentrado, foi silagem de sorgo. Amostras das dietas e das sobras foram coletadas para an?lises bromatol?gicas. Foram mensurados os consumos de mat?ria seca (CMS), de prote?na bruta (CPB) e de fibra em detergente neutro (CFDN). Os consumos tamb?m foram expressos em fun??o do peso corporal (CMSPC, CPBPC e CFDNPC) e do peso metab?lico (CMSPM, CPBPM e CFDNPM). A efici?ncia alimentar (EA) e a convers?o alimentar (CA) tamb?m foram calculadas. As digestibilidades aparentes da mat?ria seca (DAMS), da prote?na bruta (DAPB) e da fibra em detergente neutro (DAFDN) foram avaliadas utilizando o ?xido cr?mico como marcador externo. A produ??o de leite foi mensurada e sua composi??o analisada. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia, atrav?s do programa estat?stico SAEG, adotando-se o n?vel de 5% de probabilidade. Nenhuma vari?vel de consumo apresentou diferen?a significativa (P>0,05) entre tratamentos, sendo que as m?dias de CMS, CPB e CFDN foram 18,35 kg/dia, 2,62 kg/dia e 5,85 kg/dia, respectivamente. J? as m?dias de CMSPC, CMSPM, CPBPC, CPBPM, CFDNPC e CFDNPM foram 3,39 %, 163,61 g/kg de PC0,75, 0,48 %, 23,35 g/kg de PC0,75, 1,08 % e 52,19 g/kg de PC0,75, respectivamente. A efici?ncia alimentar apresentou m?dia de 0,72 kg leite/kg CMS e a convers?o alimentar m?dia foi 1,44 kg CMS/kg leite e n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas (P>0,05) entre tratamentos para ambas vari?veis. Os resultados de digestibilidade aparente tamb?m n?o apresentaram diferen?as (P>0,05) entre tratamentos, sendo que as m?dias observadas para a DAMS, DAPB e DAFDN foram 58,16 %, 58,64 % e 36,21 %, respectivamente. A produ??o e composi??o do leite foram semelhantes (P>0,05) entre tratamentos. A m?dia de produ??o de leite corrigida para 4% de gordura foi 13,39 kg/animal/dia e as m?dias dos teores de gordura, prote?na, extrato seco total e extrato seco desengordurado foram 3,78 %, 3,23 %, 12,79 % e 9,00 %, respectivamente. As vari?veis de consumo, de digestibilidade, de produ??o e de composi??o do leite n?o s?o alteradas em fun??o da substitui??o da prote?na da soja pela ureia de libera??o lenta. Assim, para animais mesti?os de m?dia produ??o de leite, essa substitui??o depende apenas de vari?veis econ?micas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of F1 lactating cows (Holstein x Zebu) due to different levels of substitution of soybean meal by non-protein nitrogen equivalent protein derived from slow-release urea (SRU). Eight cows F1 (Holstein x Zebu) in the first third of lactation, with an average production of 12.7 kg (? 3.1 kg) of milk / day and 552 kg (? 30 kg) of body weight. The experimental design was composed of two 4x4 Latin square, according to the following treatments: control (100% soybean meal and 0% SRU), 34SRU (66% soybean meal and 34% SRU), 66SRU (34% soybean meal and 66% SRU) and 100SRU (0% soybean meal and 100% SRU). The forage supplied along to concentrate was sorghum silage. Samples of diets and remains were collected for chemical analysis. We measured dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein intake (CPI), neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI). The intakes were also expressed according to the body weight (DMIBW, CPIBW and NDFIBW) and metabolic weight (DMIMW, CPIMW and NDFIMW). Feed efficiency (FE) and feed conversion (FC) were also calculated. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADMD), crude protein (ADCP) and neutral detergent fiber (ADNDF) were evaluated using chromic oxide as an external marker. Milk production was measured and its composition analyzed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using the statistical program SAEG, adopting the 5% level of probability. No variable intake showed a significant difference (P>0.05) between treatments, and the averages of DMI, CPI and NDFI were 18.35 kg/day, 2.62 kg/day and 5.85 kg/day, respectively. The averages of DMIBW, DMIMW, CPIBW, CPIMW, NDFIBW and NDFIMW were 3.39 %, 163.61 g/kg BW0,75, 0.48 %; 23.35 g/kg BW0,75, 1.08 % and 52.19 g/kg BW0,75, respectively. Feed efficiency presented mean of 0.72 kg milk/kg DMI and average feed conversion was 1.44 kg DMI/kg milk and no significant differences were observed (P>0.05) between treatments for both variables. The results of apparent digestibility also do not present differences (P>0.05) between treatments, and the averages observed for ADMD, ADCP and ADNDF were 58.16 % 58.64 % and 36.21 %, respectively. The production and milk composition were similar (P>0.05) between treatments. The average milk yield corrected to 4% fat was 13.39 kg/animal/day and the average of the levels of fat, protein, total dry extract and nonfat dry extract were 3.78 % 3.23 %, 12.79 %, and 9.00 %, respectively. The variables of intake, digestibility, production and milk composition do not change due to the substitution of soy protein for slow release urea. Thus for crossbred animals average milk production, this substitution depends only on economic variables.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/392 |
| Date | 27 May 2013 |
| Creators | Santiago, Bruno Tadeu |
| Contributors | Villela, Severino Delmar Junqueira, Leonel, Fernando de Paula, Santos, Roseli Aparecida dos, Mourth?, M?rio Henrique Fran?a, Leonel, Fernando de Paula, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Villela, Severino Delmar Junqueira |
| Publisher | UFVJM |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | A concess?o da licen?a deste item refere-se ao ? termo de autoriza??o impresso assinado pelo autor, assim como na licen?a Creative Commons, com as seguintes condi??es: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publica??o, autorizo a Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio de seus reposit?rios, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei n? 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permiss?es assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impress?o e/ou download, a t?tulo de divulga??o da produ??o cient?fica brasileira, e preserva??o, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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