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Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / A grande demanda de ?leos vegetais no Brasil, gerada pelo Programa Brasileiro de Biodiesel, fez com que o pinh?o manso, uma esp?cie at? ent?o desvalorizada, se tornasse alternativa para fornecimento de mat?ria-prima. Por?m, muitos s?o os estudos que devem ser realizados, antes que se inicie o plantio comercial em larga escala. O manejo correto da aduba??o eleva o lucro do produtor de duas formas. Primeiro, evita o gasto de fertilizantes em quantidades erradas e, depois, favorece o melhor desempenho da planta, proporcionando maior produtividade. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a resposta do pinh?o manso (Jatropha curcas L.) a doses de NPK no crescimento de plantas e, no crescimento de plantas, produ??o de sementes e de ?leo em duas condi??es edafoclim?ticas. Para tanto, foram montados dois experimentos: o primeiro, em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o, teve os tratamentos dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, no esquema de fatorial fracionado (4x4x4)1/2, perfazendo 32 tratamentos com tr?s repeti??es, totalizando 96 parcelas experimentais, sendo as doses de N: 0, 75, 150 e 300 mg dm-3, na forma de ur?ia; doses de P: 0, 45, 90 e 180 mg dm-3, na forma de superfosfato triplo e doses de K: 0, 50, 100 e 200 mg dm-3, na forma de cloreto de pot?ssio. Ap?s 120 dias, foram avaliadas as seguintes vari?veis: altura das plantas, di?metro do caule, massa seca da parte a?rea e de ra?zes; an?lise qu?mica do solo ap?s a colheita das plantas e teor de macro e micronutrientes na parte a?rea das plantas. O segundo foi conduzido em campo, em duas condi??es edafoclim?ticas, em Diamantina e Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais. Ambos foram conduzidos da mesma forma: o delineamento utilizado foi o delineamento em blocos casualizados no esquema de fatorial fracionado (4x4x4)1/2, perfazendo 32 tratamentos. Foram aplicadas doses de N: 0, 25, 50 e 100 kg ha-1, na forma de ur?ia; doses de P2O5: 0, 75, 150 e 300 kg ha-1, na forma de superfosfato triplo e as doses de K: 0, 50, 100 e 200 kg ha-1, na forma de cloreto de pot?ssio. Foram avaliados o crescimento das plantas pela medi??o da altura de plantas e di?metro na altura do colo do caule a cada 30 dias; produ??o de sementes e de ?leo com uma colheita em Diamantina, em 2009, e duas colheitas em Governador Valadares, em 2008 e 2009. As plantas responderam negativamente ? adi??o de N e positivamente ao P e K , mostrando que o pinh?o manso ? eficiente na absor??o de N, que foi suprido pela mat?ria org?nica do solo. J? em campo, o pinh?o manso apresentou comportamentos distintos nas duas condi??es edafoclim?ticas. Em Governador Valadares, houve resposta positiva ? aplica??o de N e, em Diamantina, resposta negativa a N e positiva a P. N?o houve resposta a K em campo, indicando que o teor do solo foi suficiente para suprir a planta em todas as fases. No experimento de vaso, as doses de P e K recomendadas foram 25 e 67 mg dm-3, respectivamente. Os n?veis cr?ticos, correspondentes ?s doses recomendadas, foram de 10,6 para P e 74,0 mg dm-3 para K no solo (Mehlich-1). Para os teores na massa seca da parte a?rea do pinh?o manso foram de 3,74; 0,18 e 3,57 dag kg-1 para N, P e K, respectivamente. As doses recomendadas de P para o crescimento, a produ??o de sementes e de ?leo de pinh?o manso em Diamantina foram de 87, 72 e 72 kg de P2O5 por ha, respectivamente. Em Governador Valadares, n?o houve recomenda??o de aduba??o nitrogenada para a fase de crescimento das plantas; para a produ??o de sementes e de ?leo, a dose recomendada foi de 36 e 31 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The great demand for vegetable oils in Brazil, generated by the Brazilian Biodiesel Program, made the physic nut, a devalued specie, become an alternative for providing raw material. However, many studies must be carried out before beginning the large-scale commercial growing. The accurate fertilization increases the producer's profit in two ways, first avoids the fertilizers expense in the wrong quantities and then promotes better plant performance for higher productivity. This study evaluated the physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) response to NPK doses on seedlings growth and plant growing, seed and oil production in two edaphic and climate conditions. Therefore, there were arranged two experiments: the first, in controlled conditions, was arranged in a completely randomized design, in the fragmented factorial scheme (4x4x4)1/2 comprising 32 treatments with three replicates totaling 96 plots and the N doses: 0, 75, 150 e 300 mg dm-3, in the urea form; P doses: 0, 45, 90 and 180 mg dm-3, in the triple superphosphate form and K doses K: 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3, in the potassium chloride form. After 120 days, there were evaluated the following variables: seedlings height, stem diameter, the shoot and roots dry mass and nutrients content in the soil and in the seedling shoot macronutrients and micronutrients. The second was conducted in field conditions on two places with distinct edaphic and climate conditions, Diamantina, MG and Governador Valadares, MG. Both were conducted in the same way, the design was in randomized blocks, in the fractional factorial scheme (4x4x4) 1 / 2. The N doses were applied: 0, 75, 150 and 300 mg dm-3, in urea form; P doses: 0, 45, 90 and 180 mg dm-3, in the form of triple superphosphate and K doses: 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3, in the potassium chloride form. There were evaluated the plants growth by the measure of plants height, stem diameter every 30 days, seeds and oil production with one harvest in Diamantina in 2009 and two harvests in Governador Valadares in 2008 and 2009. Seedlings responded negatively to N addition and positively to P, showing that physic nut is efficient in N uptake that was supplied by soil organic matter. Therefore, in the field physic nut showed different behavior in both edaphic and climate conditions. In Governador Valadares there was positive response to N application and in Diamantina there was negative response to N and positive for P. There was no response to K in either experiment, indicating that the content of the soil was sufficient to supply the plant at all stages. Seedlings responded negatively to N addition and positively to P. There was no response to K field, indicating that the content of the soil was sufficient to overcome the plant at all stages. In pot experiment the recommended doses of P and K were 25 and 67 mg dm-3, respectively. The critical level corresponding to the recommended dose, were 10.6 for P and 74.0 mg dm-3 for K in soil (Mehlich-1). For contents in shoot dry mass of physic nut seeds were 3.74, 0.18 and 3.57 dag kg-1 for N, P and K, respectively. The P recommended doses for growth, seeds and oil of physic nut in Diamantina was 87, 72 and 72 kg P2O5 per ha, respectively. In Governador Valadares, there was no nitrogen indication for the plants growth phase, for oil and seeds production and the recommended dose was 36 and 31 kg ha-1 N, respectively.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/531 |
| Date | January 2010 |
| Creators | Souza, Patr?cia Teixeira de |
| Contributors | Fernandes, Luiz Arnaldo, Grazziotti, Paulo Henrique, Silva, Enilson de Barros, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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