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Previous issue date: 2011-12-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Despite the known problems caused by the by-products generated from the exploration of oil,
this activity will be a part of our reality for the next 50 years. The oil drilling and exploration
industry creates a substantial amount of waste that, if not adequately disposed of, could cause
environmental problems. One of the main contaminates found in the waste related to oil
drilling is the element barium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contamination of
soil containing barium, its impact on the growth of rice plants (Orysa sativa) and potential
risk of contaminating groundwater. This paper was divided into four chapters. The goal of the
first chapter was to evaluate the spatial variability of barium levels found in former oil well
drilling waste disposal sites. For this study, soil was collected from georeferenced points,
analyzed in terms of its pseudo total levels, and prepared for the geochemical fractionation of
barium, classifying the material in accordance with resolution 420 of CONAMA [Brazilian
National Counsel on the Environment] (2009). In the second chapter, the effect of redox
potential in soil on the mobility and absorption of barium by rice, having barium sulfate P.A.
as the element?s source, was assessed. The effect was evaluated by performing rice culture pot
and column leaching tests. The aim of the third chapter was the characterization and
traceability of heavy metals in waste generated during the recovery of oil well drilling fluids.
The waste was collected during the drilling of well 7-MGP-98D-BA, where the material was
separated by composite sample, based on depth and equipment. In the fourth chapter, the
effects of redox potential in soil interaction and heavy metals coming from the waste
generated from onshore oil well drilling were analyzed. This chapter was similar to chapter
two, with the main difference being the waste generated from well 7-MGP-98D-BA, which
supplied the source of barium. The waste materials selected were those that displayed the
lowest levels of arsenic, cadmium, barium, lead, and sodium. The obtained results showed
that waste generated from oil well drilling contains high levels of barium, and that when
disposed of in soil can significantly contribute to site contamination, having used the guiding
values of CONAMA (2009) as a reference. As such, the barium present in this area was in the
form of low solubility, as evidenced by the geochemical fractionation of the element. It was
also observed that the conditions of low values of redox potential (-200 mV) promoted an
increase of barium in fractions of greater mobility, causing major losses of the element by
leaching, and increased absorption by plants. Among the studied waste materials, the waste
from the dehydrator and the centrifuge 1 presented high levels of sodium as its greatest
limitation, which affected the development of plants. / Apesar da verifica??o de problemas ocasionados pelo uso de produtos gerados a partir da
explora??o do petr?leo, essa atividade ? uma realidade nos pr?ximos 50 anos. A industria de
perfura??o e explora??o de petr?leo ? uma atividade que gera muitos residuos que, caso
dispostos de forma inadequada, podem ocasionar problemas ambientais. Um dos principais
contaminantes relacionados aos res?duos de perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo ? o elemento
b?rio. A proposta desse estudo foi de avaliar a contamina??o dos solos com b?rio e seu
impacto no desenvolvimento de plantas de arroz (Orysa sativa) e o risco de contamina??o do
len?ol fre?tico. Para isso o trabalho foi dividido em quatro cap?tulos. O primeiro cap?tulo teve
como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos teores de b?rio em antiga ?rea de
disposi??o de res?duo de perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo. Nesse estudo foram coletados solos
em pontos georreferenciados e analisados quanto aos teores pseudototais e feito o
fracionamento geoqu?mico do b?rio, classificando o material de acordo com a resolu??o 420
do Conama (2009). No segunto cap?tulo foi avaliado o efeito do potencial redox do solo na
mobilidade e absor??o de b?rio por arroz, tendo como fonte do elelmento o sulfato de b?rio
P.A. Esse efeito foi avaliado atrav?s de ensaios em vasos com cultivo de arroz e em colunas
de lixivia??o. O terceiro cap?tulo teve como objetivo a caracteriza??o e rastreabilidade de
metais pesados em res?duos gerados na recupera??o do fluido de perfura??o de po?os de
petr?leo. O res?duo foi coletado durante a perfura??o do po?o 7-MGP-98D-BA, onde os
materiais foram separados em amostras compostas em fun??o da profundidade e do
equipamento. No quarto cap?tulo foi analisado o efeito do potencial redox na intera??o solo e
metais pesados provenientes de res?duos oriundos da perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo
?onshore?. Esse cap?tulo foi semelhante ao cap?tulo 2, diferindo principalmente na fonte de
b?rio que foi o res?duo gerado no po?o 7-MGP-98D-BA. Os res?duos selecionados foram os
que apresentaram como os mais restrit?vos com rela??o aos teores de ars?nio, c?dmio, b?rio,
chumbo e s?dio. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os res?duos oriundos da perfura??o
de po?os de petr?leo possuem altos teores de b?rio, que quando dispostos nos solos podem
contribuir significativamente para a contamina??o das ?reas, tendo como refer?ncia os valores
orientadores do Conama (2009). Entretanto, o b?rio presente nessa ?rea estava sob forma de
baixa solubilidade, evidenciada pelo fracionamento geoqu?mico do elemento. Tamb?m foi
observado que a condi??o de baixos valores de potencial redox (-200 mV) promoveu o
aumento do b?rio nas fra??es de maior mobilidade, ocasionando maiores perdas do elemento
por lixivia??o e maior absor??o pelas plantas. Dentre os res?duos estudados, os res?duos do
secador e da centr?fuga 1 apresentaram como maior limita??o os altos teores de s?dio, o que
afetou o desenvolvimento das plantas.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1222 |
| Date | 19 December 2011 |
| Creators | Magalh?es, Marcio Osvaldo Lima |
| Contributors | Amaral Sobrinho, Nelson Moura Brasil do, Zonta, Everaldo, Mazur, Nelson, Santos, Fabiana Soares dos, Perez, Daniel Vidal, Iorio, Alicia Fabrizio de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia e Ci?ncia do Solo, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Agronomia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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