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Previous issue date: 2017-02-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Tropical forests support a great vegetal diversity, in part, through an nutrient cycling initiated by the soil arthropod?s fauna, which facilitated the litter decomposers action, propitiating the release of stock nutrients to the soil. Therefore, studies about these fauna and what factors alter it are extremely important to understand the nutrient cycling process in tropical forests. Among epigeic fauna represents, the leaf-cutting ants are considered the Neotropical region dominant herbivores and studies relate their multiple effects on vegetable community and the soil . Nonetheless, there aren?t studies about leaf-cutting ants effects on other arthropods communities, including mirmecofauna. This study aim to investigate the nests effects of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) on a soil arthropod community. The study site was Reserva Ecol?gica de Guapia?u, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where we collected samples at ten A. sexdens nests in period of 2 February to 9 February 2016. Along a linear transect of 32 meters, we collected litter samples from 0,25 m? size at intervals of 8 meters from each nests? edge of A. sexdens, whereby we also measured the air and soil temperature, the light and the air relative humidity. We aim to verify if litter structure and microclimatic conditions alter arthropod community structure and if these effects can be mediated by A. sexdens nests. The hypothesis in question are: 1) Litter Hypothesis, whereby arthropod community structure would be influenced by litter and litter would be altered by A. sexdens; 2) Abiotic Factors Hypothesis, whereby arthropod community structure would be influenced by abiotic factors and these factors would be altered by A. sexdens and 3) Nest Hypothesis, whereby community alterations would happen through intrinsic factors to active nests presence and not explained by alterations in a litter and/or in abiotic factors measured. For the test of the first and the second hypothesis, we did simple regressions and next variance analysis, assessing the litter and abiotic factors effects on arthropod community parameters and if this effects can be mediated by A. sexdens. To test Nest Hypothesis, we did variance analysis and analysis of similarities, assessing direct effects of A. sexdens on other arthropods community. We collected 3074 arthropods, among them Acari and Collembola were the most abundant groups. In relation of the ants, we obtained 63 specimens, in 26 genera and 32 identified species. The Strumigenys genus was one of the most frequent genera and it detained the biggest richness among mirmecofauna predators.We didn?t detect A. sexdens effects on soil arthropod community around its nests. Studies that include sazonality and behavior comparison between different species of leaf-cutting ants can result in new knowledge about the interaction between these organisms and other arthropods / As florestas tropicais sustentam uma grande diversidade vegetal, em parte, devido ? ciclagem de nutrientes iniciada pela fauna de artr?podes do solo, que facilita a a??o dos decompositores da serrapilheira, propiciando a libera??o dos nutrientes estocados para o solo. Logo, estudos sobre essa fauna e que fatores a afetam s?o importantes para a compreens?o dos processos de ciclagem de nutrientes em florestas tropicais. Dentre os representantes da fauna epigeica, as formigas-cortadeiras s?o consideradas os herb?voros dominantes da regi?o Neotropical e estudos relatam seus m?ltiplos efeitos sobre a comunidade vegetal e o solo. Entretanto, n?o h? estudos sobre os efeitos das formigas-cortadeiras sobre a comunidade dos demais artr?podes. Este estudo visa investigar os efeitos dos ninhos de formigas-cortadeiras Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) sobre a comunidade de artr?podes do solo. A ?rea de estudo foi a Reserva Ecol?gica de Guapia?u, munic?pio de Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, na qual coletamos amostras em 10 ninhos de A. sexdens no per?odo de 2 a 9 de fevereiro de 2016. Ao longo de um transecto linear de 32 metros, coletamos amostras de serrapilheira de tamanho 0,25m? a intervalos de 8 metros a partir da borda de cada ninho de A. sexdens, nos quais tamb?m medimos as temperaturas do ar e do solo, a luz e a umidade relativa do ar. Objetivamos averiguar se a estrutura da serrapilheira e as condi??es microclim?ticas alteram a estrutura da comunidade de artr?podes e se esses efeitos podem ser mediados pelos ninhos de A. sexdens. As hip?teses em estudo s?o: 1) Hip?tese da Serrapilheira, na qual a estrutura da comunidade de artr?podes seria influenciada pela serrapilheira e a serrapilheira seria alterada por A. sexdens; 2) Hip?tese dos Fatores Abi?ticos, na qual a estrutura da comunidade de artr?podes seria influenciada pelos fatores abi?ticos locais e estes fatores seriam alterados por A. sexdens e 3) Hip?tese do Ninho, em que as altera??es na comunidade se dariam por fatores intr?nsecos ? presen?a dos ninhos ativos e n?o explicados por altera??es na serrapilheira e/ou nos fatores abi?ticos medidos. As duas primeiras hip?teses foram testadas atrav?s de regress?es lineares simples, seguidas de an?lises de vari?ncia, avaliando os efeitos da serrapilheira e dos fatores abi?ticos sobre os par?metros da comunidade de artr?podes e se esses efeitos podem ser mediados por A. sexdens. No teste da hip?tese do Ninho, fizemos an?lises de vari?ncia e an?lises de similaridade, avaliando os efeitos diretos de A. sexdens sobre a comunidade dos demais artr?podes. Coletamos 3074 artr?podes, dentre os quais Acari e Collembola foram os grupos mais abundantes. Em rela??o ?s formigas, obtivemos 63 morfoesp?cies, em 26 g?neros e 32 esp?cies identificadas. O g?nero Strumigenys foi um dos g?neros mais frequentes e deteve a maior riqueza dentre os predadores da mirmecofauna. N?o detectamos efeitos de A. sexdens sobre a comunidade de artr?podes do solo do seu entorno. Estudos que incluam a sazonalidade e que comparem o comportamento entre diferentes esp?cies de formigas-cortadeiras podem resultar em novos conhecimentos a respeito da intera??o desses organismos com os demais artr?podes
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1925 |
| Date | 13 February 2017 |
| Creators | Oliveira, Marina Vasconcelos de |
| Contributors | Queiroz, Jarbas Mar?al de, Correia, Maria Elizabeth Fernandes, Santangelo, Jayme Magalh?es, Rodrigues , Daniela |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Ambientais e Florestais, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Florestas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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