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Previous issue date: 2013-06-03 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The cultivation of microalgae biomass in order to produce biodiesel arises as an
extremely promising aspect, in that the microalgae culture includes short cycle of
reproduction, smaller areas for planting and residual biomass rich in protein content. The
present dissertation evaluates the performance and features, through spectrometry in the
region of infrared with transformed Fourier (FTIR) and spectrometry in the region of UVvisible
(UV-Vis), of the extracted lipid material (LM) using different techniques of cell wall
disruption (mechanical agitation at low and at high spin and agitation associated with
cavitation). The technique of gas chromatography (GC) brought to light the success of
alkaline transesterification in the conversion of oil into methyl monoesters (MME), which
was also analyzed by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, proton magnetic resonance (1H NMR)
and carbon (13C NMR). Through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were analyzed the lipid
material (LM), biodiesel and the microalgae biomass. The method which provided the best
results concerning the efficiency in extraction of the LP of Monoraphidium sp. (12,51%) was
by mechanical agitation at high spin (14 000 rpm), for 2 hours being the ideal time, as shown
by the t test. The spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR) confirmed that the
structure of methyl monoesters and the chromatographic data (CG) revealed a high content of
saturated fatty acid esters (about 70%) being the major constituent eicosanoic acid (33,7%),
which justifies the high thermal stability of microalgae biodiesel. The TGA also ratified the
conversion rate (96%) of LM into MME, pointing out the quantitative results compatible with
the values obtained through GC (about 98%) and confirmed the efficiency of the extraction
methods used, showing that may be a good technique to confirm the extraction of these
materials. The content of LM microalgae obtained (12,51%) indicates good potential for using
such material as a raw material for biodiesel production, when compared to oil content which
can be obtained from traditional oil for this use, since the productivity of microalgae per
hectare is much larger and requires an extremely reduced period to renew its cultivation / O cultivo de biomassa microalgal visando ? produ??o de biodiesel desponta como
uma vertente extremamente promissora, pois a cultura de microalgas inclui curto ciclo de
reprodu??o, ?reas menores para o plantio e biomassa residual rica em conte?do proteico. O
presente trabalho avalia o rendimento e caracter?sticas, por espectofometrias na regi?o do
infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e do UV-visivel (UV-V?s), do material
lip?dico (ML) extra?do empregando-se diferentes t?cnicas de rompimento da parede celular
(agita??o mec?nica em baixa e em alta rota??o e agita??o associada ? cavita??o). A t?cnica de
cromatografia em fase gasosa (CG) evidenciou o ?xito da transesterifica??o alcalina na
convers?o do ?leo em mono?steres met?licos (MEM), que tamb?m foram analisados por
t?cnicas espectrosc?picas (FTIR, resson?ncia magn?tica de pr?ton (RMN 1H) e carbono
(RMN 13C). Atrav?s da termogravimetria (TG) foram analisados o material lip?dico (ML), o
biodiesel e a biomassa microalgal. O m?todo que forneceu os melhores resultados quanto ?
efic?cia na extra??o do ML da Monoraphidium sp. (12,51%) foi ? agita??o mec?nica sob alta
rota??o (14 000 rpm) sendo de 2 horas o tempo ideal, como mostrado pelo teste t. As t?cnicas
espectrosc?picas (RMN 1H, RMN 13C e FTIR) confirmaram a estrutura dos mono?steres
met?licos e os dados cromatogr?ficos (CG) revelaram alto teor de ?steres de ?cidos graxos
saturados (aproximadamente 70%), sendo o constituinte majorit?rio o ?cido eicosan?ico (33,7
%), fato que justifica a elevada estabilidade t?rmica do biodiesel microalgal. A TG tamb?m
ratificou a taxa convers?o (96%) do ML em MEM, mostrando resultados quantitativos
compat?veis com os valores obtidos pela CG (aproximadamente 98%) e confirmou a
efici?ncia dos m?todos de extra??o usados, mostrando que pode ser uma boa t?cnica para
confirmar a extra??o destes materiais. O teor obtido de ML microalgal (12,51 %) indica um
bom potencial de uso deste material como mat?ria prima na produ??o de biodiesel, quando
comparado ao teor de ?leo que pode ser obtido de oleaginosas tradicionais para este uso, j?
que a produtividade das microalgas por hectare ? muito maior e exige um per?odo
extremamente reduzido para renova??o de seu cultivo
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/17702 |
| Date | 03 June 2013 |
| Creators | Gomes, Anderson Fernandes |
| Contributors | CPF:18822851404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7623147392470166, Santos, Luciene da Silva, CPF:27832155515, Souza, Luiz Di, CPF:01925100880, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0589648773241934, Concei??o, Marta Maria da, CPF:80542131404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3141068978315035, Costa, Marta |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, UFRN, BR, F?sico-Qu?mica; Qu?mica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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