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Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Considerada como uma das atividades mais antigas exercidas pelo homem, a constru??o civil
representa um dos setores mais importantes para o crescimento econ?mico de um pa?s, apesar
das perspectivas de baixo crescimento deste setor nos ?ltimos anos, assim como para o
presente ano. Para que essa ind?stria possa crescer, mesmo com um cen?rio econ?mico
desfavor?vel, ? preciso que haja planejamento eficaz de suas obras, um dos conceitos
primordiais da filosofia denominada de Constru??o Enxuta. A qual obteve sua origem a partir
da adapta??o dos conceitos estabelecidos pelo Sistema Toyota de Produ??o (STP) ou
Produ??o Enxuta. Tendo como cen?rio a cidade de Natal/RN, o objetivo desta disserta??o
consiste em investigar como os 11 princ?pios da constru??o enxuta influenciaram no
planejamento de obra de uma construtora que iniciou a implanta??o dos conceitos lean.
Como metodologia, foi utilizado o estudo de caso em uma empresa de grande porte localizada
em Natal (RN). Na realiza??o do m?todo foram analisados documentos relacionados aos
planejamentos de longo, m?dio e curto prazo, com o intuito de descrever o seu processo de
planejamento; tamb?m foram descritas os fatores que provocaram atrasos na obra, assim
como a realiza??o de uma compara??o entre as causas observadas no estudo e as causas
presentes na literatura; por fim, foram elencadas as a??es estabelecidas pela empresa, as quais
possuem como objetivo sanar as principais causas de atraso, verificando se estas possu?am
rela??o com os princ?pios da constru??o enxuta. Justifica-se a realiza??o desta pesquisa, pois
o seu tema ? de relev?ncia consider?vel para o setor, tendo em vista que seus princ?pios
defendem a redu??o dos processos que n?o agregam valor, diminuindo os desperd?cios, assim
como os custos de constru??o. Relev?ncia percebida para a academia, no que consiste na
possibilidade de debater se os conceitos estabelecidos pela Produ??o Enxuta est?o se
adequando ao setor da constru??o civil e como esta adapta??o vem influenciando no
planejamento de edifica??es. Import?ncia econ?mica, pois a partir da redu??o dos
desperd?cios e dos custos, as construtoras poder?o repassar o pre?o do im?vel a um valor mais
acess?vel, principalmente com a desacelera??o do setor. E signific?ncia social, pois a
constru??o enxuta prega uma maior participa??o dos oper?rios no planejamento. Dentre os
principais resultados, destaca-se a alta frequ?ncia da causa erro de planejamento,
principalmente os desvios de programa??o e n?o programa??o de tarefas, assim como os erros
de execu??o , baixa produtividade e absente?smo dos oper?rios. Dentre os 11 princ?pios da
constru??o enxuta, relacionou-se apenas cinco com as 12 a??es analisadas pelo autor . Das 12
a??es, quatro encontraram-se completamente aderente a um ou mais desses cinco princ?pios.
Destacam-se tamb?m algumas propostas de melhoria estabelecidas por esta pesquisa / Considered as one of the oldest activities done by men, the civil construction represents one
of the most important sectors for the economic growth of a country, in spite of the low results
of growth in the past few years and also in the current year. To make this industry grow, even
with an unfavourable economic scenario, it is necessary to implement an effective planning in
its activities. This is one of the most important concepts brought by the Lean Construction
philosophy, which had its origin through the adaptation of the concepts established by the
Toyota Production System (TPS) or Lean Production. By having as a scenario the city of
Natal\RN, the main goal of this dissertation consists in investigating how the 11 principles of
the lean construction influenced the schedule of a construction field that started to implement
its lean concepts. As a methodology, it was used the case study of a big enterprise located in
Natal (RN). During the execution of the method, documents related to the short-term, midterm
and long-term planning were analysed , aiming to describe its planning process; it was
also described the factors that caused the delays at the enterprises? field ;in addition, a
comparison was made between the results obtained at the case study and the ones presented at
the literature; in the end, the actions were listed by the company, which had the purpose to
solve the main causes of delays, verifying if they were linked to the lean construction
principles. This research finds its reason of existence in the relevance of its theme at the
nowadays reality of the construction industry, since the principles of the lean construction
uphold the reduction of processes that are useless, diminishing wastes as well as costs in
construction. The relevance is perceived for the academy, in terms of the possibility to
discuss if the concepts established by the lean production are being adapted to the civil
construction sector and how this adaptation is influencing at the buildings planning project.
Economic importance, because with the reduction of the wastes and costs, the companies may
reduce the building?s value into a more accessible value, even with the sector?s lower growth.
And social significance, because lean construction gives a better participation of the labour at
the planning activity. Among the main results, the high frequency of planning errors stands
out, mainly the programming deviations and not the task programming, as well as the
execution errors, low productivity and activities executed by the workers. Amongst the 11
principles of lean construction, only five were related with the 12 actions analysed by the
author. From the 12 actions, four were completely cohesive to one or more from these five
principles. Some improvement proposals were also highlighted and established by the
research.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19689 |
| Date | 27 February 2015 |
| Creators | Borges, Thyago de Melo Duarte |
| Contributors | 97513598649, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4742833301655917, Furukava, Marciano, 87110296849, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7046131809246694, Ara?jo, Larissa Elaine Dantas de, 01247469425, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6777382513681646, Queiroz, Jamerson Viegas, Queiroz, Fernanda Cristina Barbosa Pereira |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA DE PRODU??O, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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