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Previous issue date: 2014-08-26 / No presente trabalho, avaliamos o efeito da dist?ncia do alimento,
sucesso de captura e tamanho do alimento e taxa de recompensa nas decis?es
de forrageio tomadas por formigas da esp?cie Dinoponera quadriceps.
Tamb?m investigamos, medindo o tempo de perman?ncia em cada ?rea, a
influ?ncia do aprendizado no desempenho das oper?rias ao longo de
sucessivas viagens. Foram simulados quatro cen?rios. Cada oper?ria realizou
10 viagens em cada cen?rio. Cen?rio 1: oper?rias sempre encontravam
alimento de alta qualidade; Cen?rio 2: oper?rias encontravam alimento de alta
qualidade em somente 50% das viagens; Cen?rio 3: oper?rias encontravam
alimento de alta e baixa qualidade com probabilidades de ocorr?ncia de 0,5
para cada tamanho de alimento. Cen?rio 4: oper?rias tinham tr?s
possibilidades, encontrar alimento de alta qualidade (33%), encontrar alimento
de baixa qualidade (33%) e n?o encontrar alimento. Em todos os cen?rios,
havia duas rotas poss?veis de explora??o, uma com 300 cm e outra com 600
cm de comprimento. A pesquisa mostrou que oper?rias da esp?cie D.
quadr?ceps tendem a retornar ao mesmo local onde o alimento foi encontrado
na viagem anterior, n?o importando a dist?ncia, tamanho do alimento ou taxa
de recompensa. Nos casos de viagens sem captura, oper?rias eram mais
propensas a trocar de ?rea em busca de alimento. No entanto, no cen?rio 4
essa decis?o de ?troca? foi menos evidente, possivelmente pela maior din?mica
do cen?rio. Resultados tamb?m indicaram um processo de aprendizado das
rotas de explora??o assim como das condi??es das ?reas de explora??o. Com
a repeti??o das viagens, forrageadoras reduziram o tempo de busca nas ?reas
nas viagens que n?o capturavam alimento e rapidamente trocavam de ?rea. / When searching for food, animals often make decisions of where to go,
how long to stay in a foraging area and whether or not to return to the last
visited spot. These decisions can be enhanced by cognitive traits and adjusted
based on previous experience. In social insects such as ants, foraging
efficiency have an impact on both individual and colony level. The present study
investigated, in the laboratory, the effect of distance from food, capture success
and food size, and reward rate on decisions of where to forage in Dinoponera
quadriceps, a ponerine ant that forage solitarily and individually make their
foraging decisions. We also investigated the influence of learning on the
performance of workers over successive trips searching for food by measuring
the patch residence time in each foraging trip. Four scenarios were created
differing in food reward rates, food size offered and distances colony-food site.
Our work has shown that as a rule-of-thumb, workers of D. quadriceps return to
the place where a prey item was found on the previous trip, regardless of
distance, food size and reward rate. When ants did not capture preys, they were
more likely to change path to search for food. However, in one of the scenarios,
this decision to switch paths when unsuccessful was less evident, possibly due
to the greater variation of possible outcomes ants could experience in this
scenario and cognitive constraints of D. quadriceps to predict variations of food
distribution. Our results also indicated a learning process of routes of
exploration as well as the food site conditions for exploration. After repeated
trips, foragers reduced the patch residence time in areas that they did not
capture food and quickly changed of foraging area, increasing their foraging
efficiency.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19957 |
| Date | 26 August 2014 |
| Creators | Silva Neto, Waldemar Alves da |
| Contributors | 31568769415, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8822052460371633, Castro, Felipe Nalon, 06041584673, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2785988303092060, Ch?line, Nicolas G?rard, 23582007863, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3295752122449249, Souza, Arrilton Ara?jo de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PSICOBIOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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