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Previous issue date: 2016-09-05 / Na ind?stria petrol?fera, uma ?rea que vem se desenvolvendo e ganhando destaque ? a de automa??o e controle de po?os. Esta por sua vez, vem sendo aplicada aos m?todos de eleva??o artificial, especialmente ao Bombeio Mec?nico (BM), que ? considerado um dos m?todos mais utilizado em ambientes onshore, predominando frente aos outros em n?mero de po?os instalados no Brasil. Diante dessa constata??o, nota-se que evolu??es ao BM podem trazer melhorias ? extra??o de petr?leo no pa?s. Uma evolu??o relevante seria o desenvolvimento e aplica??o de novas estrat?gias e t?cnicas de controle a esse sistema. Nesse sentido, o foco principal deste trabalho foi desenvolver um controlador aplicado ao BM, visando evitar o surgimento de efeitos indesej?veis durante o processo de produ??o e maximizar a efici?ncia de opera??o. A ferramenta desenvolvida consiste em controlar o preenchimento parcial da bomba de fundo, atrav?s da manipula??o da velocidade de bombeio. Para tanto, um controlador Proporcional Integral Derivativo (PID) foi utilizado devido ? sua estrutura vers?til, adaptando-se ?s exig?ncias e limita??es do trabalho. Inicialmente, realizou-se o levantamento bibliogr?fico sobre o m?todo em foco, abrangendo principalmente o papel da carta dinamom?trica de superf?cie e de fundo, os conceitos b?sicos sobre o controle do tipo PID e as principais estrat?gias de controle aplicadas ao BM. No decorrer do trabalho foi desenvolvida uma modelagem matem?tica e computacional para determinar o valor do preenchimento da bomba de fundo. Para a implementa??o do controle, foi utilizada a linguagem de programa??o Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) associada ao seu ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado (IDE), presentes no Microsoft Excel. Para valida??o, utilizou-se o simulador de BM como um po?o virtual e simula??es foram realizadas com o controlador desenvolvido. Para efeito de resultado, observou-se que a estrat?gia desenvolvida foi uma importante ferramenta quando se tratava em potencializar a produ??o por BM, visto que a estrat?gia aplicada proporcionou o controle do preenchimento parcial da bomba de fundo, sem a necessidade de parada de produ??o, ou seja, da unidade de bombeio, o que refletiu numa otimiza??o operacional. / In the oil industry, one area that has been developed and gained highlight is automation and well control, which has been used in artificial lift methods, especially in Sucker-Rod Pump (SRP) that is considered one of the methods more used in onshore regions and it is more applied in Brazil compared to other artificial methods. Therefore, it is noted that enhancements in sucker-rod pump may cause largely improvements in oil extraction in the country. One relevant enhancement would be the development and application of new strategies and control techniques to this system. Then, the main focus of this work was developing a controller applied to sucker-rod rump in order to avoid the appearance of undesirable effects during the production process as well as to maximize the operating efficiency. The developed tool controls the partial filling of the downhole pumps through the manipulation of the pumping velocity. Thus, a Proportional Integral Derivative controller (PID) was used due to its versatile structure, adapting to requirements and work limitations. Initially, literature researches about the SRP method were conducted? covering the function of the surface and downhole dynamometric cards, mainly? the basic concepts about the PID control ? and the main control strategies applied to sucker-rod pump. In this work was developed a mathematical and computational modeling to determine the value of the downhole pumps filling. To implement the controlling was used the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language associated to its integrated development environment (IDE), which is present in Microsoft Excel. To validate, it was used a sucker-rod pump simulator as a virtual well and simulations were realized with the controller that was created. It was observed that the developed strategy was an important tool when it comes to enhance the production through sucker-rod pump because the strategy that was applied provided a partial control of the downhole pumps without stopping the production, that is, the pumping unit, what reflected an operational optimization.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/22131 |
| Date | 05 September 2016 |
| Creators | Galv?o, Hannah L?cia Cruz |
| Contributors | 42046637100, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477027244297797, Maitelli, Carla Wilza Souza de Paula, 72255501449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2441911467149645, Gabriel Filho, Oscar, 11376040697, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4171033998524192, Costa, Rutacio de Oliveira, 20954581334, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8120964167163666, Maitelli, Andr? Laurindo |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIA E ENGENHARIA DE PETR?LEO, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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