Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, 2015. / Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-02-19T12:56:35Z
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2015_ThayseCavicchioliCazetta.pdf: 1125572 bytes, checksum: da0aac9cccbe0a34634c3ffc67b58e1a (MD5) / O fogo pode alterar as interações planta-animal, tais como a dispersão e a predação de sementes. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre os efeitos a longo prazo (≥ 2 anos) de um evento de queima nesses processos ecológicos. Nós investigamos a relação entre fogo e remoção por pequenos roedores sobre as sementes de seis espécies arbóreas em matas de galeria da savana brasileira (Cerrado). Nós esperávamos uma redução na abundância dos roedores e uma consequente redução no número total de sementes removidas nas áreas queimadas. O papel relativo dos pequenos roedores como removedores de sementes, entretanto, deveria aumentar em tais áreas, devido a um possível efeito negativo mais forte do fogo sobre os animais maiores que se alimentam de sementes. Amostramos oito áreas florestadas (quatro queimadas 2,8 anos antes e quatro que não foram queimadas) para avaliação das comunidades de pequenos roedores (3789 armadilhas-noite). Nós também analisamos o papel dos pequenos roedores como removedores de sementes utilizando dois tratamentos de exclusão: exclusão parcial (acesso exclusivo de pequenos roedores) e controle aberto (acesso de todos os animais removedores de sementes) (34 estações experimentais por área). Como esperado, a abundância média de roedores nas matas queimadas foi reduzida para aproximadamente 1/6 em comparação às matas não queimadas e a remoção geral de sementes foi significativamente menor nas matas perturbadas pelo fogo para as seis espécies. Nós não encontramos efeitos do Tratamento de Exclusão (ou Fogo x Tratamento) para as sementes de Copaifera langsdorffii, Hymenaea courbaril, e Mauritia flexuosa, indicando que os pequenos roedores foram os principais removedores das sementes independentemente da ocorrência do fogo. Para Cariniana estrellensis e Dipteryx alata, as sementes das estações abertas foram significativamente mais removidas do que nas estações com exclusão, indicando que outros animais que não os pequenos roedores também foram importantes removedores das sementes. Somente para Platypodium elegans o papel relativo dos pequenos roedores como removedores das sementes foi maior nas áreas queimadas, como esperado. O fogo reduziu as taxas de remoção de sementes por pequenos roedores nas matas de galeria. Entretanto, este evento de distúrbio pode reduzir as taxas de dispersão de sementes através da redução da remoção de sementes por potenciais dispersores em comparação com os pequenos roedores, que agem principalmente como predadores de sementes. / Fire can alter animal-plant interactions such as seed dispersal and seed predation. However, little is known about the long-term effects (≥ 2 years) of a fire event on these ecological processes. We investigated the relation between fire and small-rodent removal upon seeds of six tree species in Gallery Forests from Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). We expected a reduction in rodent abundance and a consequent reduction in total number of seeds removed in burned areas. The relative role of small rodents as seed removers, however, should increase in such areas, due to a possibly stronger negative effect of fire on larger seed-eating animals. We sampled eight forested areas (four burned 2.8 years before and four that had not been burnt) for evaluation of small-rodent communities (3,789 trapping nights). We also assessed the role of small rodents as seed removers using two exclusion treatments: semipermeable exclosure (exclusive access of small rodents) and an open control (access of all seed-removing animals) (34 experimental stations per area). As expected, the average abundance of rodents in the burned forests was reduced to about 1/6 in comparison to the unburned ones and overall seed removal was significantly reduced in fire-disturbed forests for the six species. We found no effects of Treatment (or Fire x Treament) for the seeds of Copaifera langsdorffii, Hymenaea courbaril, and Mauritia flexuosa, indicating that small rodents were the main seed removers regardless the fire occurrence. For Cariniana estrellensis and Dipteryx alata, seeds from open stations were significantly more removed than in exclosures, indicating that others animals than small-rodents also were relevant seed removers. Only for Platypodium elegans, the relative role of small-rodents as seed removers increased after fire, as predicted. Fire reduced rates of seed removal by small-rodents in Gallery Forests. Nevertheless, this disturbance event may reduce rates of seed dispersal by reducing seed removal by potential dispersers in comparison with small rodents, which act chiefly as seed predators. / Fire can alter animal-plant interactions such as seed dispersal and seed predation. However, little is known about the long-term effects (≥ 2 years) of a fire event on these ecological processes. We investigated the relation between fire and small-rodent removal upon seeds of six tree species in Gallery Forests from Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). We expected a reduction in rodent abundance and a consequent reduction in total number of seeds removed in burned areas. The relative role of small rodents as seed removers, however, should increase in such areas, due to a possibly stronger negative effect of fire on larger seed-eating animals. We sampled eight forested areas (four burned 2.8 years before and four that had not been burnt) for evaluation of small-rodent communities (3,789 trapping nights). We also assessed the role of small rodents as seed removers using two exclusion treatments: semipermeable exclosure (exclusive access of small rodents) and an open control (access of all seed-removing animals) (34 experimental stations per area). As expected, the average abundance of rodents in the burned forests was reduced to about 1/6 in comparison to the unburned ones and overall seed removal was significantly reduced in fire-disturbed forests for the six species. We found no effects of Treatment (or Fire x Treament) for the seeds of Copaifera langsdorffii, Hymenaea courbaril, and Mauritia flexuosa, indicating that small rodents were the main seed removers regardless the fire occurrence. For Cariniana estrellensis and Dipteryx alata, seeds from open stations were significantly more removed than in exclosures, indicating that others animals than small-rodents also were relevant seed removers. Only for Platypodium elegans, the relative role of small-rodents as seed removers increased after fire, as predicted. Fire reduced rates of seed removal by small-rodents in Gallery Forests. Nevertheless, this disturbance event may reduce rates of seed dispersal by reducing seed removal by potential dispersers in comparison with small rodents, which act chiefly as seed predators.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unb.br:10482/19841 |
| Date | 29 May 2015 |
| Creators | Cazetta, Thayse Cavicchioli |
| Contributors | Vieira, Emerson Monteiro |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, instname:Universidade de Brasília, instacron:UNB |
| Rights | A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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