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Previous issue date: 2014-02-18 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The biodiesel is an alternative to petrochemicals and derivatives because it is produced from renewable sources, as vegetable oils and animal fat, and reduces the level of pollutant emissions in the diesel. The investigation of alternative sources of triglycerides for biodiesel production has been extensively explored. In this work, seeds of 26 of different plant species (Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae) of the semiarid region of the State of Bahia were collected and the oil extracted for studies as alternative source for the production of biodiesel. The present work selected the most promising plant species for the production of biodiesel, using the chromatography methods CG-MS and CG-FID to identify the fatty acids in the oils, followed by the physical-chemical characterization of the oils from the most promiing species: Syagrus coronata, Dilodendron bipinnatum, (mamoninha) and Magonia pubescens (timb?). Thus, acid index, saponification index, peroxide value, iodine index, and refractive index were determined. Because presents better physical-chemical characteristics, the oil of ?Timb?? was selected for the experiment about the best process conditions to produce ?Timb?? biodiesel in order to improve methyl esters production (% m/m). ?Timb?? biodiesel was produced by methanol route using alcohol/oil molar ratio 8:1, the concentration of catalyst was 0,5 wt%. The values determined for the physical-chemical parameters of the Timb? Methyl Biodiesel (BMT) are within the limits established by the National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels ? ANP, except for acid index, total glycerin and kinematic viscosity. / O biodiesel ? uma alternativa em rela??o ao petr?leo e seus derivados j? que ? obtido de fontes renov?veis, como ?leos vegetais e gorduras animais e reduz a emiss?o de compostos poluentes presentes no diesel. A investiga??o de fontes alternativas de triglicer?deos para a produ??o de biodiesel tem sido bastante explorada. Neste sentido, sementes de 26 esp?cies de plantas (Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae) encontradas na regi?o semi?rida da Bahia foram coletadas e o ?leo extra?do para estudar quanto a sua viabilidade para uso em biodiesel. Foram selecionadas as esp?cies vegetais mais promissoras para a produ??o de biodiesel, utilizando os m?todos cromatogr?ficos CG-MS e CG-FID como ferramentas para identificar os ?cidos graxos presentes nos ?leos, seguido pela caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica dos ?leos das esp?cies consideradas mais promissoras Syagrus coronata, Dilodendron bipinnatum, a mamoninha e Magonia pubescens, o timb?, determinando ?ndice de acidez, ?ndice de saponifica??o, ?ndice de per?xido, ?ndice de iodo e ?ndice de refra??o. Por apresentar boas caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas, o ?leo de ?timb?? foi selecionado para a realiza??o de experimento sobre as melhores condi??es operacionais para produzir biodiesel, visando melhorar o rendimento de ?steres (%m/m). O biodiesel de timb? foi obtido por rota met?lica, utilizando rela??o molar ?lcool:?leo 8:1 e a concentra??o do catalisador foi de 0,5% em rela??o ? massa de ?leo. Os valores determinados para os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos do biodiesel met?lico de timb? (BMT) encontram-se dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?vel (ANP), por?m o processo de transesterifica??o necessita de alguns ajustes para melhorar o ?ndice de acidez, glicerina total e viscosidade cinem?tica.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.uefs.br:8080:tede/102 |
| Date | 18 February 2014 |
| Creators | ?VILA, Maiara De Souza Nunes |
| Contributors | G?ES NETO, Arist?teles |
| Publisher | UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, Mestrado Acad?mico em Biotecnologia, UEFS, Brasil, DEPARTAMENTO DE CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICAS |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS, instname:Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, instacron:UEFS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 7701973706309601282, 600, 600, 600, 600, -6971480722008537872, -3439178843068202161, 4767858349021390776 |
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