This Thesis is about the role which social conventions play in shaping our moral choices,
and about the possibility of a normative theory that takes such conventions seriously. It also hints
at the idea of looking at conventions as a kind of moral technology. If existing conventions serve
a useful function, then perhaps we can take what we know about conventions and apply that
knowledge in a forward-looking manner.
Chapter 1 of this Thesis outlines the shape of the project, and explains its roots in
methodological individualism and a relative, subjective theory of value. Chapter 2 surveys the
literature on norms and conventions, and explains why it is that despite the prevalence of the
former in the literature, moral theorists should focus on the latter. Chapter 3 looks at the ways in
which conventions structure strategic interaction. They do so both by providing information that
served as an input to rational decision making, and by providing a more direct, non-instrumental
form of motivation. In Chapter 4, we look at the relevance of the literature on public goods and
the problem of collective action, and argue that beginning and maintaining conventions
embodies a collective action problem. In Chapter 5, we move to examine the normative force of
conventions, and suggest that conventions constitute a reasonable set of constraints on self-interested
behaviour. Chapter 6 addresses the fact that a convention-based approach seems
capable of endorsing asymmetrical outcomes, at least some of which seem unjust. In Chapter 7,
we look more generally at the adequacy of a conventionalist account, and examine the departures
which such an account seems to make from everyday morality. Finally, in Chapter 8, we put
theory to practice, and examine the world of professional obligation. We offer there a meta-ethics
of professional obligation that suggests that such obligations are best understood as
conventions between professionals. That argument serves as a challenge to existing principle-based
and virtue-based theories of professional obligation, and illustrates the practical
importance of this Thesis. In Chapter 9, we summarize the ground covered, and discuss how we
can apply what we know about conventions to ameliorate problematic situations.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:BVAU.2429/10154 |
| Date | 05 1900 |
| Creators | MacDonald, Christopher John |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Relation | UBC Retrospective Theses Digitization Project [http://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/retro_theses/] |
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