Many substances in the plant kingdom and in man's diet occur
as glycosides. Recent studies have indicated that many glycosides
that are not mutagenic in tests such as the Salmonella/microsome
test become mutagenic upon hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkages.
The Salmonella/microsome test utilizes a liver homogenate to approximate
mammalian metabolism but does not provide a source of the
enzymes present in intestinal bacterial flora that hydrolyze the
wide variety of glycosides present in nature. This investigation
was designed to study the effect of stable cell-free extracts from
enteric bacteria of human feces, fecalase, which was shown to contain
glycosidases which bioactivate in vitro many natural diet
glycosides to compounds which are mutagenic in the Salmonella/
liver homogenate test. Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo); Raspberry
(Rubus idaeus), Red and Yellow Onion (Allium cepa) varieties all
contain quercetin which presumably forms mutagenic flavonol glycosides
in the gut. The White Onion does not contain quercetin.
Flavonol extract of Cantaloupe, Raspberry, Red and Yellow varieties
of onion were mutagenic in the test when fecalase was added.
Frameshift mutagenicity (TA 1537, TA 98, and TA 97) among the
flavonoid extracts tests was mainly confined to the flavonols
(flavon-3-ols). The base-pair mutants (TA 1535, TA 100) did not
show mutagenic activity upon testing the flavonoid extracts of the
samples investigated in this study. Since the flavonols are
probably the single largest group of flavonoids, and the mutagenic
agent detected, quercetin, is the most common flavonol aglycone,
plant breeding has been suggested to reduce the amount of flavonoids
present in the food we eat. / Graduation date: 1983
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ORGSU/oai:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:1957/26042 |
| Date | 30 March 1983 |
| Creators | Dardiri, Moawia Mohamed |
| Contributors | Krumperman, Paul H. |
| Source Sets | Oregon State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
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