The pharmacokinetics of two antimicrobials were investigated in alpacas. Six
healthy alpacas were each administered a single dose of 10 mg/kg of oxytetracycline by IV
injection and IM injection. In addition, a single dose of 20 mg/kg of florfenicol by IV
administration was given to alpacas in a separate study. The pharmacokinetic parameters
of oxytetracycline and florfenicol in alpacas were compared to the results previously
obtained in llamas. There were significant differences between llamas and alpacas in
several of oxytetracycline pharmacokinetic parameters but there were no significant
differences in all of florfenicol pharmacokinetic parameters in these two animals. It can be
concluded that llamas and alpacas have different oxytetracycline disposition kinetics while
they have similar disposition kinetics of florfenicol.
The pharmacokinetics of clorsulon, a narrow-spectrum anthelmintic agent, was
investigated in llamas following oral administration at a single dose of 14 mg/kg. The
plasma levels of clorsulon produced by this dose was lower than the values reported in the
clorsulon pharmacokinetic studies carried out in sheep and goats following oral
administration at a single dose of 7 mg/kg This suggests the entire dose of clorsulon is not
absorbed in llamas.
Since the differential equations describing one-compartment system with first-order
input and two-compartment system after IV administration with nonlinear
elimination kinetics cannot be solved, there is no mathematical expression for the AUC for
drugs following these models. The AUC values calculated from the proposed preliminary
AUC equations for drugs following these models were compared to the AUC calculated
using the trapezoidal rule method based on computer-generated data using the fourth-order
Runge-Kutta method. Except for a few exceptions, the predicted AUC from the proposed
equations matched the values calculated from the theoretically generated data. / Graduation date: 2004
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ORGSU/oai:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:1957/31063 |
| Date | 01 December 2003 |
| Creators | Wattananat, Triporn |
| Contributors | Christensen, J. Mark |
| Source Sets | Oregon State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
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