A practical and versatile instrument has been developed both to
optimize the chemistry of bio- and chemiluminescence reactions and to
measure ultra-trace quantities of associated analytes. The instrument
consists of a pneumatic flow injection system linked to a detection cell and a
signal processing and readout system. The disk-like cell is defined by a pair
of transparent polycarbonate plates and an "0-ring" seal. The lower plate is
fitted with a reflective surface. Relative to conventional cells, this design
affords a high light collection efficiency due to the large volume element
viewed by an end-on photomultiplier detector. Rapid mixing of reagents
within the cell is brought about by injection through concentric ports of a
commercial burner assembly at a point immediately below the detector. The
signal processing and readout system is interfaced to an IBM compatible
personal computer and appropriate software was written to automate the
instrument and to acquire, store and manipulate luminescence data.
With this instrumentation, the chemistry of marine bacteria biolumin-escence
was optimized for the determination of cis-11-hexadecenal and,
ostensibly, for both the quantification of aldehyde insect pheromones and
potential use in the control of insect pests. With the optimized conditions, cis-
11-hexadecenal was determined to 7 fmol. This value is more than an order
of magnitude lower than detection limits for aldehyde pheromones reported
in the literature. In this research, the less ideal substrates undecanal and
heptanal were determined to 570 fmol and 65 pmol, respectively.
Marine bacteria bioluminescence was used to quantify several epoxide
analytes derivatized to aldehydes. 1,2-epoxyhexadecane and 1,2-
epoxytetradecane were determined to 55 and 51 fmol, respectively. 1,2-
epoxyoctane and cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane were determined to
100 and 3 pmol, respectively. The latter compound is the sex pheromone of
the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), a well-known and serious agricultural
pest. Epoxides have not been quantified previously with either chemi- or
bioluminescence.
The instrument was modified for use with corrosive solutions and for
possible interfacing with a high performance liquid chromatograph. Lophine
chemiluminescence was optimized for the analysis of Cr(VI) samples. With
the optimized conditions, aqueous solutions of Cr(VI) were determined to 50
μg /L. A plausible explanation is offered for the dependence of lophine
chemiluminescence on the concentration of the chromium species. / Graduation date: 1991
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ORGSU/oai:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:1957/38138 |
| Date | 19 November 1990 |
| Creators | Gander, Stuart C. |
| Contributors | Ingle, James D. Jr |
| Source Sets | Oregon State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
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