Background: Kidney stone disease is a common and often debilitating disorder, yet its pathophysiology is poorly understood. This dissertation studies predisposition to kidney stone formation from diurnal variation in physiochemical and physiologic properties of urine and in response to increased fluid intake.
Methods: Urine volume, flow rate and constituents were measured in multiple timed specimens from healthy volunteers in a day. Further, subjects were asked to provide specimen over a period of increased fluid intake.
Results: A 24-hour specimen missed significant periods of supersaturation in individual urine samples throughout the day. Despite a significant reduction in nocturnal urine flow rate, calcium concentration as well as urine pH and divalent phosphate remained unchanged. Finally, increased water intake did not dilute urine evenly.
Conclusion: Mixing multiple urine samples obscures information about periods of increased calcium phosphate precipitation risk over 24 hours. Further, increased fluid intake does not uniformly provide risk protection.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TORONTO/oai:tspace.library.utoronto.ca:1807/33703 |
| Date | 03 December 2012 |
| Creators | Shafiee, Mohammad Ali Jr. |
| Contributors | Logan, Alexander |
| Source Sets | University of Toronto |
| Language | en_ca |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
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