碩士 / 國立臺灣大學 / 園藝學系研究所 / 85 / Effects of environmental factors and cultural techniques on growth and floweri
ng were studied in calla (Zantedeschia hybrida). The goal of the present study
is to establish the basic cultural data to develop local cultural procedure f
or calla production in Taiwan.The tissue-cultured plantlets of Zantedeschia hy
brida ''Black Magic'' were used as experimental materials. After six months of g
rowth, the basal portion of leaf swelled to form rhizome, with flat-rounded or
dish-like appearance. All the buds were distributed on the upper portion of r
hizome and apical buds grew to horizontal direction to form side rhizomes, It
would therefore suggest that the rhizome of calla should be considered as a ki
nd of tuberous rhizome.During the early stages after harvest, the rhizomes wer
e vulnerable to environments. However, after ten days of curing, epidermis wit
h protective functions formed. The water loss of rhizome was approximately 20-
30% after storage at temperature ranged from 15-35℃for 9 weeks. The growth of
rhizome stored for more than 3 weeks grew more normal than those not stored.
Experiments with 4 temperatures, namely, 5,15,25,35℃, showed that bud emergen
ce rate was slower in plants stored at 5 and 15℃, and shoot number, leaf numb
er and leaf area were also decreased as compared with those stored at 25 and 3
5℃. However, plants would not flower at all if the storage temperature during
first three weeks above 25℃.By means of tissue culture, the growth of rhizom
e was the best with average mother rhizome weighed 8.9g. The average rhizome w
eight could reach 45.11g. Although both the flowering rate 4.18 and 8.9g rhizo
mes could reach 90%, only the flowers by using 8.9g mother rhizome had commerc
ial value. However, it resulted in similar rhizome formation when the flowers
with no commercial value were removed.As for temperature experiments, The leaf
areas of plants grown at 25/20 and 20/15℃were 124.4 and 98.6cm2, respectivel
y, as compared with plants grown at 15/13 and 30/25℃ were only 60.0 and 73.3
cm2. Plants grown at 35/30℃showed growth retardation, with leaf yellowing aft
er 3 months of treatments. Rhizome weights at harvest were satisfactory in pla
nts grown at 15/13, 20/15 and 25/20℃. However, the growth period was 5 months
in plants treated at 25/20℃, while 7 and 6 months were recorded in 15/13 and
20/15℃ treatment, respectively.Results showed that fertilization at full or
half concentration of Johnson''s solution resulted in satisfactory growth. The
rotten rate and rhizome formation were both influenced by planting depth. It i
s suggested that 5 cm depth was optimal for rhizome production while 15 cm sho
uld be avoided as this resulted in high (60%) rhizome rotten rate. Results als
o suggested that planting density should be 3-5 times wide as the rhizome diam
eter, and the curing treatments could significantly decrease the disorder caus
ed by pathogen after rhizome harvest.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/085NTU00378021 |
| Date | January 1997 |
| Creators | Lin, Shiunn Jyh, 林巽智 |
| Contributors | Lee Nean, 李哖, --- |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 98 |
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