碩士 / 國立海洋大學 / 食品科學系 / 88 / The objectives of this study are to explore 1. the effects of shear rate, solute concentration, solution temperature, NaCl concentration, solution pH and shearing time on the rheological properties of Monostroma nitidum aqueous polysaccharides. 2. the feasibility of using aqueous polysaccharideⅡto prepare the plasma volume expander then tested on the osmolority, rheological properties and aggregation characteristics with the blood of mouse. The results obtained are as follows:
The effects of shear rate, solute concentration, solution temperature and shearing time on the rheological behavior of aqueous polysaccharidesⅠandⅡwere the same. Because the quantity of aqueous polysaccharidesⅠwas less than aqueous polysaccharideⅡ, therefore studies on the effects of NaCl concentration and of solution pH on rheological properties only were studied on aqueous polysaccharidesⅡ. The aqueous solution of polysaccharidesⅠandⅡwere pseudoplastic fluids. Increasing the solute concentration enhanced shear thinning properties of these aqueous polysaccharide solutions. The apparent viscosity of different concentrations aqueous polysaccharidesⅠandⅡsolutions decreased with increasing solution temperature. The apparent viscosity of aqueous polysaccharidesⅡsolutions also decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. The apparent viscosity of aqueous polysaccharidesⅡsolution increased with increasing solution pH, till pH 9, then the apparent viscosity decreased. This may be due to alkali degradation occurred. Effect of solution pH on the decreasing rate of apparent viscosity increased with increasing concentration of aqueous polysaccharidesⅡ. The apparent viscosity decreased with increasing shearing time. Decreases were small for those low concentration aqueous polysaccharidesⅠandⅡsolutions but become remarked for those higher concentration ones.
The shear thinning properties of plasma volume expander prepared from the mixture of 0.4%∼0.8% aqueous polysaccharidesⅡsolution with 0.9% saline were similar. The apparent viscosity of the plasma volume expander decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. However increased with increasing pH of the plasma volume expander between pH 5 to 7, but the magnitude of the increase was small. This implied that the effect of pH between pH 5-7 on the hydrodynamic volume were not very pronounced. The effect of shearing time on the apparent viscosity of plasma volume expander was small.
The apparent viscosity of the mixture of 6% ultrasonic degradated (420 Watts, 8 hr) polysaccharidesⅡaqueous solution and 0.9% saline was 1.6 cps, which was similar to the plasma (1.1-1.6 cps) (Milnor, 1982). Therefore, the mixture of 6% ultrasonic degradated polysaccharidesⅡ aqueous solution and 0.9% saline was used as plasma volume expander. The shear stress of plasma volume expander increased almost linear with increasing shear rate. The apparent viscosity slightly decreased from 1.6 cps to 1.3 cps with increasing shear rate. The effect of shearing time (8 hr) on the apparent viscosity is not significant for these plasma volume expanders. The osmolority of plasma volume expander was 288 mOsm/l H2O, and is close to that of normal blood (280-300 mOsm/l H2O). The shear stress of the mouse blood which had been replaced with 10, 30, 50 and 100% plasma volume expander decreased with increasing shear rate. The apparent viscosity of the mouse blood increased with increasing replaced ratio, especially the 100% replacement one’s. This may be due to the Na+ ion of the saline neutralized the charge of SO42- and uronic acid of polysaccharidesⅡ, resulting in decrease the static electricity repel force, so the apparent viscosity increasing. The microcropy observation of morphology of the mixture of plasma volume expander and mouse blood revealed some rouleaux occurrance. This is a normal phenomenon. Injection plasma volume expander into mouse through tail vein, the vitality of mice decreased immediately after injection, but restored it’s vitality on the next day. But chronic and long term effects still need further investigation.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/088NTOU0253002 |
| Date | January 2000 |
| Creators | Wan Ying Lin, 林菀瑛 |
| Contributors | 陳榮輝 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 89 |
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