碩士 / 國立臺灣大學 / 農業化學研究所 / 91 / To investigate the effect of attitude on microbial ecology of forest soils and the role of microbes on the organic matter decomposition and nutritional flow, Tatachia and Fu-Shan forests were chosen. Environment conditions of atmospheric and soil temperatures, light intensity, soil properties of moisture content, pH, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N ratio and populations of total count, actinomycetes, fungi, cellulolytic microbes, phosphate-solubilizing microbes and nitrogen-fixing microbes were measured during the past year. In addition, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and DNA content were also studied. In the case of Tatachia forest, Spruce soil had moisture content 29.31-75.71 %, pH 3.93-5.34, total organic carbon 5.83-24.51 %, total nitrogen 0.43-2.71 %, C/N ratio 5.21-20.79 and ash content 31.11-84.58 %; Hemlock soil had moisture content 35.29-78.01 %, pH 3.34-4.48, total organic carbon 2.25-38.69 %, total nitrogen 0.23-2.43 %, C/N ratio 8.76-25.32 and ash content 29.07-88.45 %; grassland soil had moisture content 29.31-63.37 %, pH 3.62-5.13, total organic carbon 1.11-38.78 %, total nitrogen 0.12-1.48 %, C/N ratio 7.28-30.55 and ash content 72.96-93.76 %. In microbial ecology, each gram of dry spruce soil contained total microbes 1.04×105-1.64×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 8.02×102-1.42×105 CFU, fungi 1.22×104-1.65×106 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 6.55×104-3.61×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 1.72×104-5.58×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.23×105-4.38×106 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 438.22-1345.23 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 20.68-229.25 μg-N and DNA 11.12-44.65 μg. Each gram of dry hemlock soil contained total microbes 5.22×104-1.34×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 63×103-1.49×105 CFU, fungi 5.83×104-7.49×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 1.05×105-3.71×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 1.29×104-8.89×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.05×104-6.93×105 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 132.27-1065.25 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 11.46-166.45 μg-N and DNA 11.29-45.98 μg. Each gram of dry grassland soil contained total microbes 4.54×104-1.26×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 9.91×102-8.38×105 CFU, fungi 5.98×103-5.52×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 1.09×104-3.41×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 7.28×103-5.49×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 3.91×104-6.28×105 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 126.11-1145.65 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 21.15-178.91 μg-N and DNA 8.32-38.49 μg .
In the case of Fu-Shan forest, valley soil had moisture content 41.01-72.35 %, pH 4.23-4.73, total organic carbon 5.03-21.46 %, total nitrogen 0.27-0.92 %, C/N ratio 12.11-33.72 and ash content 65.48-87.63 %；middle slope soil had moisture content 44.29-68.91 %, pH 3.76-4.32, total organic carbon 3.15-32.14 %, total nitrogen 0.23-0.91 %, C/N ratio 12.47-28.54 and ash content 51.04-87.44 %； ridge soil had moisture content 36.91-61.11 %, pH 4.06-4.63, total organic carbon 2.41-41.18 %, total nitrogen 0.18-0.88 %, C/N ratio 6.09-48.02 and ash content 45.52-86.45 %. In the microbial populations, each gram of valley soil contained total microbes 1.18×106-1.26×l07 CFU, ctinomycetes 1.02×103-8.38×105 CFU, fungi 1.49×104-5.52×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 5.09×104-3.41×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 1.03×105-5.49×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 9.65×104-6.28×105 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 48.89-983.65 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 20.31-266.51 μg-N and DNA 2.87-26.81μg. Each gram of middle slope soil contained total microbes 2.01×106-1.26×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 4.32×102-8.38×105 CFU, fungi 2.11×104-5.52×105 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 7.08×104-3.41×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 1.21×105-5.49×105 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 1.21×105-6.28×105 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 124.61-910.21 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 18.21-196.33 μg-N and DNA 3.21-31.46 μg. Each gram of ridge soil contained total microbes 6.18×105-9.88×l07 CFU, actinomycetes 1.03×102-6.98×104 CFU, fungi 6.59×103-6.97×106 CFU, cellulolytic microbes 2.07×104-8.31×106 CFU, phosphate-solubilizing microbes 1.04×104-2.26×106 CFU, nitrogen-fixing microbes 9.65×104-9.79×106 CFU, microbial biomass carbon 257.31-1013.56 μg-C, microbial biomass nitrogen 33.11-257.44 μg-N and DNA 3.45-38.49 μg.
In the soil profiles of Tatachia grassland and Fu-Shan ridge soil, the pH was low at the topsoil, while total organic carbon and total nitrogen were reversed and had high values at the topsoil. In the case of microbial populations, the number decreased with increasing of soil depth. The populations decreased as follows: 88.23-91.65 %, 72.67-92.38 %, 69.36-96.56 %, 56.21-89.41 %, 75.63-83.84 % and 59.17-89.93 % in total microbes, actinomycetes, fungi, cellulolytic microbes, phosphate-solubilizing microbes, and nitrogen-fixing microbes, respectively. In the case of Fu-Shan ridge profile, the populations at the bottom horizon decreased as follows: 88.23-91.65 %, 72.67-92.38 %, 69.36-96.56 %, 56.21-89.41 %, 75.63-83.84 % and 59.17-89.93 % as those of topsoil in total microbes, actinomycetes, fungi, cellulolytic microbes, phosphate-solubilizing microbes and nitrogen-fixing microbes, respectively.
In the forest soil DNA extraction and purification, we modified Krsek’s methods by extending Lysis time, adding AlK(SO4)2, PVPP as pre-washed treatment and PVP gel exciding if the final product was still dirty. In the DGGE profile of Fu-Shan forest soil, the three sampling sites had similar soil microbial populations. The organic layer had the larger microbial amounts than topsoil, and subsoil had less microbial amounts. The valley soil had the fewer microbial diversity and less microbial amounts compared to other two sampling sites.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/091NTU00406067 |
| Date | January 2003 |
| Creators | Shine-Tsern Cho, 卓昕岑 |
| Contributors | Shang-Shyng Yang, 楊盛行 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 257 |
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