碩士 / 國立臺灣海洋大學 / 應用經濟研究所 / 92 / Abstract
The system of Exclusive Fishing Right is a major management tool in Taiwan coastal fisheries. The effectiveness of the conservation and management measures depends on the completeness of the framework of the Exclusive Fishing Right System and its implementation. According to the fishermen’s response, the problems of poor catch in coastal areas and other industries competing for the water resources in coastal areas are more serious than before. As a result, the implementation review of Exclusive Fishing Right System becomes the focus of discussion among the industries involving in the coastal areas.
In this study, we have collected related documents, investigated theoretical basis of fisheries management system, and conducted questionnaire survey to address the issues of whether or not Taiwan’s Exclusive Fishing Right System follows the trend in the international fisheries management and meets fishermen’s will, and what kinds of problem it is facing. Finally, we try to offer some options to solve the above problems.
In the developed countries such as Japan, New Zealand, European Union and Australia, fishery management measures including Total Allowable Catch (TAC), Individual Quotas (IQ) or Individual Transfer Quotas (ITQ), and the mechanism of joint management between governmental sector and Fishermen’s Associations have been adopted to achieve the management goal of sustainable utilization of resources. The framework of Taiwan’s Exclusive Fishing Right System is that the Fishermen’s Association or Fisheries Production Cooperatives on behalf of the Exclusive Fishing Right holders to sign access agreement with the fishermen who apply for the right of access, and to permit piscary holders to operate in the exclusive fishing areas. Such joint management plan between Fishermen’s Associations and piscary holders is consistent with the international management trend and shows flexibility because management measures in the coastal exclusive fishing areas are addressed in the terms and conditions of access agreement, which is concluded by the consensus reached by Fishermen’s Associations and piscary holders. However, according to the result of the questionnaire survey, since the Exclusive Fishing Right holders (Fishermen’s Associations or Fisheries Production Cooperatives) could not completely protect the access rights of piscary holders, piscary holders as well as non-piscary holders all can operate in the exclusive fishing areas, making the characters of exclusiveness in the exclusive fishing right to exist in the name only. In the meantime, there is no quotas system for piscary holders, encouraging them to fish more. Such activities easily lead to overfishing in the exclusive fishing areas. From our findings, we believe that the objectives of the exclusive fishing right system can only be reached by introducing a system of privatizing public property such as ITQ system, matched by the self-discipline of fishermen and management measures taken by Fishermen’s Associations or Fisheries Production Cooperatives.
Finally, we make the following suggestions:
1. With regard to the amendment of fisheries laws and regulations, it is necessary to (1) legislate the measures of ITQ, and include it in Exclusive Fishing Right System, (2) make and promulgate the guidelines of self-discipline of fishermen (piscary holders), and (3) establish a mechanism for assessing the efficiency Fishermen’s Associations or Fisheries Production Cooperatives.
2. With regard to the enhancing of the effectiveness of implementation, it is essential to (1) establish more active enforcement units such as the united production and marketing groups, joint management units among Fishermen’s Associations or Fisheries Production Cooperatives, and set up specialized units of resources assessment, (2) consult with Coast Guard to support the work of surveillance at sea, (3) differentiate the access fishing vessels so that it is easy to distinguish and manage at sea.
With regard to the self-confidence and social acceptance, we find that it is necessary to increase the educational training courses and reasonably plan the exclusive fishing areas, so that the self-confidence of fishermen and Fishermen’s Associations can be enhanced, and social acceptance by general public can be improved.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/092NTOU5452021 |
| Date | January 2004 |
| Creators | Ying-Chih Chiang, 江英智 |
| Contributors | Ching-Chun Chen, 陳清春 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 134 |
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