碩士 / 中興大學 / 水土保持學系所 / 94 / Abstract
It had been only for four years, since started to employ helicopter to suppress forest fire in Taiwan in 2002.The availability of water sources database play a key role on spray effects from helicopter in the air. The job establishing the water source database and delineating protection zone of each water source site in situ is, thus, important for the following three reasons; firstly, the training can be performed in situ, crews easily to identify the water source location, the safety is, thus, assured when taking water. Secondly, checking and maintenance of water source in situ can be easily completed before forest fire season. Thirdly, only GPS is needed to search the right location of water source.
Three categories of water source for helicopter in the upper portion beyond 750 meters elevation of Dajia River Basin are as follows:
(1)in channel, (2)stationary reservoir, and (3)removable water tank. A public and free GIS system called Google Earth was employed to find out the suitable site with 50M*150M water surface for the first category. There were 9 surfaces selected and 6 of them good enough. Other three locations were crossed out due to closing the obstacle, near the walls of mountains, and in a curved valley, when reconnaissance had performed in the air. The six water source locations, all in mainstream, no tribute site was found. Other two categories was excluded in this research.
A protection zone is produced by a square area surrounded by the most end side of four directions (N, S, E, W) supported for any given water source site. There were 7 protection zones including two areas coming from Derkee Reservoir site. An example protection zones set representing 20 minute fly ranges were expressed in WGS-84 system as follows:
A site：(N 24°23''47.63",E 121°13''11.13")、(N 24°23''47.63",E 120°48''50.87")、 (N 24°1''28.37",E 120°48''50.87")、 (N 24°1''28.37",E 121°13''11.13")。
B site：(N 24°24''20.63", E 121°14''25.19")、(N 24°24''20.63", E 120°50''4.81")、(N 24°2''1.37", E 120°50''4.81")、(N 24°2''1.37", E 121°14''25.19")。
C site：(N 24°25''5.63", E 121°15''54.25")、(N 24°25''5.63", E 120°51''33.75")、(N 24°2''46.37", E 120°51''33.75")、(N 24°2''46.37", E 121°15''54.25")。
D site：(N 24°25''14.63", E 121°16''48.27")、( N 24°25''14.63", E 120°52''27.73")、 (N 24°2''55.37", E 120°52''27.73") 、(N 24°2''55.37", E 121°16''48.27")。
E site：(N 24°26''2.63", E 121°17''51.34")、(N 24°26''2.63", E 120°53''30.66")、(N 24°3''43.37", E 120°53''30.66")、(N 24°3''43.37", E 121°17''51.34")。
F site：(N 24°25''23.63", E 121°22''13.4")、(N 24°25''23.63",E 120°57''52.6")、(N 24°3''4.37",E 120°57''52.6")、(N 24°3''4.37", E 121°22''13.4")。
F’ site：(N 24°27''43.63", E 121°27''31.5")、(N 24°27''43.63", E 121°3''10.5")、(N 24°5''24.37", E 121°3''10.5")、(N 24°5''24.37", E 121°27''31.5")。
The more water sources database established in advance, the more favorite to suppressing forest fire. The advantages include (1) a earlier action make a bigger effect in the early suppression stage of forest fire, (2) decreasing the probability of dispatching helicopter from other unit, (3) reducing burning time under same numbers of helicopter, and (4) reducing the expenses on disaster relief and guidance efficiency can be assured. The method used to establish or update database should be simple and public in order air firemen can perform within short time. In this research, Google Earth was served directly for performance, no intense techniques required.
The success of suppressing forest fire should include the efforts from ground crews, thus, the database in this research should be expanded in future.
Key words: Forest fire, helicopter, water source database, Dajia River Basin, protection zone.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/094NCHU5080054 |
| Date | January 2006 |
| Creators | Chu-Sen Hsu, 許竹森 |
| Contributors | , 梁昇, 尹相隆 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 88 |
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