碩士 / 國立中興大學 / 森林學系所 / 94 / This is the first paper to evaluate a natural product used as an antisilverfish agent all over the world. Silverfish (Lepisma saccharina), primitive wingless insects, feed on a variety of materials, including paper, cotton, starch and cereals. It is a general common pest of house. In this study, the essential oils of Cryptomeria japonica were selected to evaluate its effect of repellent and death against silverfish. Before repellency and anti-silverfish assay, the culture system for silverfish was established in this study. The best feeds for silverfish were cellulose and mixed feed in a 1:1 ration (the composition of mixed feed was milk powder: oatmeal: yeast= 1: 9: 9). Moreover, the hatching process was not necessary for the mature of silverfish eggs. According to the results obtained in the repellency assay, the essential oil of leaves and woods from C. japonica shown the significantly repellency activity against silverfish. The repellent activity was 76% at a dosage of 0.01 mg/cm3 essential oil from leaves. In addition, the repellent activity was 83% at a dosage of 0.001 mg/cm3 essential oil from woods. When silverfish were exposed to a concentration of 0.16 mg/cm3 essential oil from leaves, they were killed within 10 h, and exposed to a concentration of 0.16 mg/cm3 essential oil from wood, they were killed within 16 h. The chemical composition of essential oil, the emissions from a test chamber, and the residue left on filter papers previously soaked with essential oil in a chamber were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components of the leave essential oil were found to be: elemol (18.22%), 16-kaurene (11.63%), 3-carene (9.66%), sabinene (9.37%), terpinene-4-ol (9.06%), α-eudesmol (5.70%), α-pinene (5.62%), and limonene (5.26%). As for the wood essential oils were γ-cadinene (17.70%), δ-cadinene (13.08%), elemol (9.47%), germacrene D (6.31), α-muurolene (4.02%), β-eudesmol (3.66%), and β-cubene (3.37%). Only some constituents of the essential oil compounds collected by solid-phase microextraction were found to be emitted in the test chamber. The main composition for leave essential oil were 3-carene (21.03%), p-cymene (10.95%), limonene (9.49%), β-myrcene (9.39%), γ-terpinene (9.10%), α-terpinene (8.57%), terpinene-4-ol (7.97%); for wood essential oil were γ-cadinene (50.55%), α-muurolene (9.59%), β-caryophyllene (4.77%), α-humulene (3.92%), and δ-cadinene (3.41%). Based on the results from this study, the essential oils from C. japonica provide a great potential for developing an environmental-friendly chemicals to prevent silverfish to damage living environment.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/094NCHU5360012 |
| Date | January 2006 |
| Creators | Wan-Chi Lai, 賴婉綺 |
| Contributors | 王升陽 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 59 |
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