碩士 / 國立臺灣大學 / 漁業科學研究所 / 94 / In recent years, due to water pollution, environmental deterioration and disease outbreak, the production of sand shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) has decreased markedly. This shrimp is an economical and sensitive species for environmental monitoring, so we study the tolerance levels of sand shrimp with temperature, salinity, pH, heavy metal lead and four kinds of agriculture chemicals. The purpose of this study is to compare their toxicities by means of optimal growth condition and try to find out the biologically safe concentration for setting up its water quality criteria. Acute toxicity and chronic effects were carried out at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃. Results indicated that the optimal growth condition were in the ranges of water temperature 23 ~ 30 ℃, salinity 15 ~ 25 ‰, pH 7.0 ~ 8.5. The safe concentrations of five kinds of heavy metals for sand shrimp are 0.007 mg/L mercury, 0.025 mg/L lead, 0.05 mg/L cadmium, 0.15 mg/L copper, 0.2 mg/L zinc. For agriculture chemicals, the 96 hr LC50 differs significantly, with butachlor＞paraquat＞parathion-methyl＞lindane, and the safe concentrations are 0.03,＜0.01, 0.001 and 0.0004 (mg/L) respectively. Unionized ammonia is more toxic than nitrite, being with 96 hr LC50 of 0.02 and 1.9 (mg/L) separately. Low salinity, extreme pH and high concentrations of lead, lindane, paraquat, methyl-parathion and butachlor all can inhibit the growth, reduce food consumption and increase the mortality of sand shrimp. In general, the toxicity of agriculture chemicals varied with water temperature and is higher than that of heavy metals, when raised at 25 ℃. In shrimp aquaculture, water qualities have to be maintained at lower concentration of agriculture chemicals and heavy metals, therefore, it needs constantly monitor and controll according to water quality criteria for promoting the production of sand shrimp.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/094NTU05451009 |
| Date | January 2006 |
| Creators | Shiau-Han Pan, 潘曉涵 |
| Contributors | 陳弘成 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 98 |
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