碩士 / 國立東華大學 / 自然資源管理研究所 / 95 / Cervidae lives on diverse habitats and food resources. Impacts of deer browsing on the survival of saplings and the succession of vegetations have been among the major concerns in forest management. Formosan sika deers(Cervus nippon taiouanus) has been restored and released to wildlife by Kenting National Park. At present , deers can be found in the karst forest of nature reserve. This study is aimed to examine the habitat use pattern and sapling browsing by sika deers in different seasons, and to compare the growth of saplings with and without the appearance of deers. 60 sub-plots(10x10m2) were chosen randomly in proportion to the amounts of the four habitat types ( Aglaia formosana type, Bischofia javanica type, Melanolepis multiglandulosa type,and Pisonia umbellifera type) in the karst forestry permanent plot(10 ha) managed by Hengchun Research Center, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. From September 2005 to July 2006, a 2x2m2 sapling plot was set in each sub-plot , all the saplings within the plot were marked in September 2005. the sub-plots were surveyed bimonthly for feces and the marked saplings were monitored for browsing evidence and survival. Fecal counts were conducted for all 1000 sub-plots in dry and wet season (January and July 2006, respectively). To examine the relationship between habitat characteristics and the appearance of deer faeces, understorey vegetation and karst coverages were recorded for each sub-plot in dry season. Four pairs of fenced and unfenced plot were set outside the permanent plot to compare the growth of saplings. The results reveal that Sika deers tend to aggregate in both dry and wet seasons, faeces within plots differed significantly between dry and wet season, but they show no preference for the four habitat types. The overlap index(OIA) of plot with faeces is 0.306 between dry and wet season. Pianka overlap index(OIB) is 0.571, 40% of which was by Melanolepis multiglandulosa type. The amount of faeces within plot of the four habitat types differed between dry and wet seasons, especially in Bischofia javanica type and Melanolepis multiglandulosa type. Logistic regression analysis shows habitat types, numbers of trees, karst herb and fern coverages have significant effects on sika deer presence in dry season. In the six bimonthly surveys, the number of plots with feces and the mount of faeces within the 60 sample plots were highest in January. In addition, OIB is the greatest between January and March 2006 with the greatest contribution from Pisonia umbellifera type. There were also significant differences in amount of facees in the four habitat types. The proportion of the browsed saplings was the greatest at January 2006. Browsing by deer was found mostly on saplings under 60cm, and the leading shoot broken by deer was uncommon. More saplings of Diospyros maritime, the most dominant species in the karst forest, were browsed by sika deer in the study plots, but the mortality of the browsed saplings was similar to that of the un-browsed saplings. The growth and survival of saplings in the fence of plots were better than those in the unfenced plots. According to the result of the study, the density of sika deer and effects of browsing on saplings are not high by now, and the impacts on forest regeneration and succession need furthur attention.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/095NDHU5148004 |
| Date | January 2007 |
| Creators | Yu-Jyuan Wu, 吳郁娟 |
| Contributors | Hai-Yin Wu, 吳海音 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 60 |
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