碩士 / 靜宜大學 / 生態學研究所 / 96 / This research is to investigate the aquatic insect of different seasons of area in Fushan. Mainly discussing (1) The aquatic insect''s clustering structure and function of the area (2) Compare the influence of seasonal variations (3) analysis aquatic insect''s clustering structure, function make up and the relationship with environmental factors. Started from August 2004 till September 2003, I set up a total of five stations in the Happen river basin and the Cu-keng river basin. Utilize the Surber sampler to define the area of gathering for the aquatic insects in these stations. Take records 12 times a month and set up every three months as one season. In the laboratory, all objects are kept and reserved with the 95% alcohol and distinguish out the Taxa and Functional feeding group. Then, calculate out the difference degrees of index, diversified index and index of degree of consistency, measure the velocity of flow, water temperature, sour soda degree, cover such environmental factors as degree, etc. Utilize all the data to make a variation and count analysis (two-way ANOVA) . The purpose is to assay if the aquatic insect clustering differently in each station and each season. This research has recorded down 8 order, 50 family and 103 taxa. It sampled a total of 53,105 pieces, average density at 1,180 (each/ m2) . The shake Chironomidae advantage the most, accounts for 24.4% of the total counted; secondly it is mayflies ( Baetis spp.) , accounts for 14.5%; other Choroterpes sp.、Afonurus sp.、Neoperla sp. , Psephenoides sp.、 Zaitzevia sp. the above seven taxa take possession of more than 70% of the total numbers. The main ingesting group in Fushan area is the gathering collectors which take up 56%.
According to the hydrological data gathered from the basin, status show different in each station with season changes. These differences will influence aquatic insect clustering and ingest composition as well as the function of group. Therefore, composition and distribution of the species of aquatic insect will be different to some extent because of difference of environmental factors of provincialism. The result shows various kinds of district aquatic insect''s species clustering structure will be influenced by different seasons, it may be that such environmental factors as the temperature, river wide, depth of water, flow and velocity of flow,etc. cause in the seasonal variation. Among site 1~3, the average density in autumn and winter, is obviously greater than spring, summer. Average density for station four and five in winter and spring, is then obviously greater than autumn, summer. Though it make the aquatic insect''s total density drop when the flow increase in a large amount, but, relevant analysis results also show, the depth of water presents positive correlation with enriching one degree of indexes, Shannon''s diversified index separately. Water temperature, density, sour soda degree and the Sampson index have negative correlation. However, it presents positive correlation with Shannon diversified index and degree of consistency. The result shows such relevant indexes as environmental factor and bio-diversity and will be different to some extent in the dependence among different kind of stations and seasons. The result shows the influence on the aquatic insect of every environmental factor is not unanimous, and it may influence the aquatic insect''s density to drop if the water increases in summer. However, the summer water flow is not bad for all species. Baetis spp’s density is higher in the summer and fall, especially with the water hitting the high level. With the summer and fall are Fushan’s raining season, sometimes typhoons also bring out lots of heavy rain which increase the water flow. After typhoon, it causes the surge of velocity flow and brings a large amount of cruel water which make alga difficult to attach, withered pieces of fallen leaf are difficult to pile up. This might be the reason that caused food shortage for the ingest group and dropping numbers of the naiad''s density in Fushan. The changes of the water temperature among seasons certainly change the growth cycle of the aquatic insect. Rising temperature may be the reason which shortens the growth cycle of the aquatic insect. Therefore, it can be assumed that the aquatic insect individual counts and sampling are low in result is due to the changes of the water temperature in the summer time.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/096PU005110013 |
| Date | January 1900 |
| Creators | Yen Tuan-Yu, 顏端佑 |
| Contributors | Shieh, Sen-Her, 謝森和 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 80 |
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