碩士 / 國立中正大學 / 教育學研究所 / 97 / Mayer (2001) has proposed the principles of designing multimedia instructional presentations based on cognitive theory of multimedia learning. In this study, the researcher consider individual differences of learners’ spatial ability and focus on verifying modality principle and redundancy principle that Mayer mentioned to:
1) investigate the effect of different multimedia presentation modes and learners’ spatial ability on learning performance and learning time;
2) provide basic principles of designing and choosing multimedia instructional presentations according to the results in this study.
This study uses 6×2 two-factor quasi-experimental design, including two experiments. The participants are 162 eighth grade students recruited from two junior high schools in Chia-yi County and Chia-yi City respectively. The independent variables in two experiments are the modes of multimedia presentation (animation with text, animation with narration, and animation with narration and text; graphics with text, graphics with narration, and graphics with narration and text) and participants’ spatial ability (high, low). The multimedia instructional presentation includes two units about earthquake and tsunami designed by the researcher. The multimedia instructional presentation in experiment Ⅰ is presented automatically by the computer program and the dependent variable is learning performance including learning retention and learning transfer. The multimedia instructional presentation in experiment Ⅱ is operated and controlled by participants and the dependent variables are learning performance and learning time. The participants join the pretest of prior knowledge and spatial ability first. Then the participants received multimedia instructional presentations and take the retention test and transfer test.
The main results of this study are:
1. In experimentⅠ, the different multimedia presentation modes significantly affect learning performance. When the visual information is presented in animation, the retention test and transfer test score of the animation with narration group is significantly better than the animation with narration group and the animation with narration and text group; When the visual information is presented in graphics, the retention test score of the graphics with narration group in the earthquake unit is significantly better than the graphics with text group and the graphics with narration and text group in learning transfer. The transfer test score of the graphics with narration group in the tsunami unit is significantly better than the graphics with text group and the graphics with narration and text group in learning transfer. In experiment Ⅱ, the different multimedia presentation modes have no significant effect on learning performance and learning time of learners. In other words, modality principle and redundancy principle are effective only when the multimedia instructional presentation is presented automatically by the computer program.
2. Whether the visual information is presented by animation or graphics has no significant effect on learning performance and learning time in both experiments.
3. The spatial ability of learners has no significant effect on learning performance and learning time in experimentⅠ&Ⅱ.
4. In experimentⅠ&Ⅱ, the interaction of different multimedia presentation modes and learners’ spatial ability has no significant effect on learning performance and learning time.
5. Modality principle and redundancy principle are effective only when the multimedia instructional presentation is presented automatically by the computer program.
6. The modality principle effect and redundancy principle effect of participants with high spatial ability is not stronger than which of participants with low spatial ability, when the multimedia instructional presentation is presented automatically by the computer program.
7. Spatial ability does not enhance good multimedia presentation (animation with narration, graphics with narration) , when the multimedia instructional presentation is presented automatically by the computer program.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/097CCU05212021 |
| Date | January 2009 |
| Creators | Chun-Hung Shih, 施駿宏 |
| Contributors | Jane Chen, 陳姚真 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 155 |
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