碩士 / 國立屏東科技大學 / 環境工程與科學系所 / 100 / From October 2011 to April 2012, 51 water and 21 sediment samples were collected from 19 sampling stations along the Wan-Nian River as well as Tung-Kang River in Ping-Tung County and the Erh-Jen River in Kaohsiung City. Water samples were pretreated with solid phase extraction method and then quantified for bisphenol A (BPA), octylphenol (OP), and nonylphenol (NP) by a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD) to investigate their concentration variations with temporal, spatial, and hydrological parameters as well as water quality and sediment physicochemical properties. The correlation and distribution characteristics of alkylphenol compounds between water and sediments were also explored via distribution coefficient (Kd) and soil-water partition coefficient normalized to organic carbon (Koc).
The results showed that the average detection ratios of OP, NP, and BPA were 100%, 92%, and 85% in the water samples of Wan-Nian River, respectively. The concentration ranges of OP, NP, and BPA were 21.8 - 230.4, ND (MDL = 8.9) - 240.1, and ND (MDL = 8.7) - 107.5 ng L-1, respectively. The OP and NP concentrations were negatively correlated with water temperature, i.e. the higher the water temperature was, the lower the OP and NP concentration. The average detection ratios of the three alkylphenol compounds in the sediment are all 100%. The OP, NP, and BPA content ranges were 10.0 - 87.6, 7.0 - 64.0, and 21.0 - 42.7 ng g-1, respectively. In the case of samples collected in 2011, concentrations of BPA were lower than those of both OP and NP in water samples. However, the contents of the three alkylphenol compounds were similar in sediments.
For the 22 water samples collected from the Tung-Kang River in January 13 and February 11, 2012, the BPA, OP, and NP concentrations (average) in water were ND (MDL = 8.4) - 544.6 (245.3), ND (MDL = 8.9) - 240 (110.0), and 34.0 - 320.0 (117.4) ng L-1, respectively, with the highest OP concentration. The NP, OP, and BPA contents (average) in sediments were 14.2 - 489.37 (152.0), 13.0 - 300.3 (95.6), and 9.0 - 69.3 (31.5) ng g-1, respectively, also with the highest OP contents. The average values of log Kd of OP, NP, and BPA were 2.80, 2.90, and 2.40, respectively. Total organic carbon (TOC) in sediments was positively correlated with the target compounds with correlation coefficients (R) of 0.82 for OP, 0.75 for NP, and 0.64 for BPA. The calculated log Koc with log Kd divided by TOC (foc) fell within 99% confidence interval. The log Koc values of OP, NP, and BPA were 3.81 ± 0.66, 4.14 ± 0.66, and 3.09 ± 0.67, respectively. The concentrations of three alkylphenol compounds in water were positively correlated with their contents in sediments with all R greater than 0.74. TOC contents in sediments were positively correlated with BPA, OP and NP with respective R of 0.50, 0.59, and 0.62.
The water samples collected from the Erh-Jen River on 22 of April, 2012, BPA, the concentration ranges (average) of OP, NP, and BPA were 49.1 - 146.3 (103.0), 53.3 - 470.9 (268.2), and 91.8 - 1,080 (484.7) ng L-1, respectively. Some NP concentrations sampled from the Erh-Jen River exceeded the no observation effect concentration (NOEC) of 330 ng L-1 regulated by European Union (EU). The NP, OP, and BPA contents (average) in sediments were 83.4 - 105.3 (83.1), 291.9 - 585.9 (497.7), and 34.3 - 194.5 (90.4) ng g-1, respectively. The concentrations of target compounds in water were also positively correlated with those in sediments with R all greater than 0.81. Total organic carbon (TOC) in sediments was also positively correlated with the target compounds with R all larger than 0.84. The calculated log Koc with log Kd divided by TOC (foc) also fell within 99% confidence interval. Overall, the correlation between TOC in sediments and BPA was less than that of OP and NP for the Tung-Kang and Erh-Jen River. That may be due to the less hydrophobic properties of BPA. The Kd values of alkylphenol compounds obtained from the present study are useful to better understand their transport and distribution between water and sediments and to frame the control and remediation strategies of concerned alkylphenol compounds for the authorities.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/100NPUS5515054 |
| Date | January 2012 |
| Creators | Guan-Yew Ku, 柯冠宇 |
| Contributors | Chuen-Huey Chiu, Yi-Chu Huang, 邱春惠, 黃益助 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 145 |
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