碩士 / 國立臺灣海洋大學 / 食品科學系 / 100 / The purpose of this study was to identify lipid-soluble and water-soluble functional compounds of sorghum distillery residue (SDR) extracted with different solvents. Tilapia was used as an animal model to evaluate the effect of different functional compounds on cold-adaptation, and to validate the efficiency of the antioxidant compounds extracted that may be responsible for the anti-cold stress effect of SDR.
The best extraction solvent was 95% ethanol. Higher functional compounds were extracted from SDR with 95% ethanol than with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Total polyphenols (12.66 ± 0.26 mg Gallic acid equivalent /g dw), total anthocyanins (0.17 ± 0.00 mg Cyanidin equivalent/g dw), total flavonoids (2.56 ± 0.11 mg Quercetin equivalent/g dw) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (83.01 µg/g dw). Phytosterols including 4-methyl-5-cholestene-3-ol、stigmasterol (0.306 ± 0.032 mg/g dw)、β-sitosterol、ergosterol and some unknown compound; policosanols including octacosanol (2.417 ± 0.390 mg/g dw), dotriacontanol and triacontanol, were identified in the SDRE.
The extracts of SDRE prolonged the lag phase in Cu2+-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation (Tlag : 545 min), which was longer than other extracts. total antioxidant capacity slightly (0.1 ± 0.03 mM trolox equivalent) was higher in SDRE than in other extracts (0.05 ± 0.03 mM trolox equivalent). In lipoxygenases (LOXs), SDRE could inhibit the effect of 5-LOX (48.07 ± 2.77%), 12-LOX (42.00 ± 2.81%) and 15-LOX (52.70 ± 2.35%).
Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) as an animal model, fed diet containing 20% SDR added with polyethylene glycol (20% SDR-PEG), SDRE, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HB), stigmasterol or octacosanol for 21 days at 28℃, exposed to temperature drop from 28℃ to 11℃ then maintained for 7 days at 11℃. The specific growth rate (SGR) of SDRE, p-HB, stigmasterol and octacosanol group was 1.48、1.58、1.55 and 1.67, respectively, higher than the control group (1.16) and 20% SDR-PEG (1.15). When the water temperature was kept at 11℃ for 7 days, accumulative survival of the control group was 45.5%, which was significantly lower than that of the 20% SDR-PEG (90.9%)、SDRE (100%)、p-HB (63.6%)、stigmasterol (63.6%) and octacosanol (81.8%). All group can decrease the cholesterol and prostaglandin E2 concentration of plasma except control. The SDRE group and octacosanol group can increase the glucose concentration of plasma.
We confirmed SDRE, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, stigmasterol and octacosanol, could improve fish survival during cold stress and as the indicator of anti-cold stress. These also can raise energy metabolism and blood rheology of tilapia, it would be a cold-adaptation feed material. Not only the fish can grow at lower cultured temperature to reduce the cost of fuel consumption in closed-circulation systems as an energy-saving system, but also improve utilization of SDR.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/100NTOU5253020 |
| Date | January 2012 |
| Creators | Yao-Jang Wang, 王耀徵 |
| Contributors | Bonnie Sun Pan, 孫寶年 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 105 |
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