碩士 / 嘉南藥理科技大學 / 職業安全衛生系 / 101 / Container handling facility drivers must stay in cabinets for a long time to carry out container handling operation in container terminals. In order to understand the effects of indoor air quality (IAQ) on drivers’ health, the purposes of this study were to measure indoor pollutants in container handling facilities to explore drivers’ exposure levels to these pollutants and assess health risk. Four common containers handling facilities including straddle carrier, rail mounted gantry crane, quayside gantry crane and fork lift truck in container terminals were selected to investigate indoor particulates. Particle mass concentration and size distribution in the cabinet were measured by a portable dust size analyzer (Grimm 1.109). Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, temperature and relative humidity were detected by a Q-Trak Plus IAQ monitor. Formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) were analyzed by HPLC and GC/FID, respectively. Health risk assessment was implemented based on levels of the five volatile organic compounds in the cabinet.
Results indicated that mass concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, inhalable, thoracic and respirable particles in cabinets of rail mounted gantry crane were higher than the other three kinds of container handling facilities because most drivers often smoke in cabinets during periods of working. Particle size distribution showed that the sizes of suspended particles in cabinets of the four container handling facilities were mainly distributed in the range of submicrometer. The proportions of PM1.0 to PM10 were above 90%. Approximately 88.64%~95.34% of inhalable particles were respirable particles which can reach to pulmonary alveoli of human’s respiratory system. Levels of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in cabinets of the four container handling facilities were below the Taiwan’s IAQ standard. Levels of particle and carbon monoxide in smoking cabinets were significantly higher than in non-smoking cabinets. Discomfort indexes calculated by indoor temperature and relative humidity in driver’s cabinets showed that the degrees of comfortable were acceptable.
Health risk assessment indicated that the carcinogenic risks of drivers exposed to formaldehyde and benzene in cabinets of the four container handling facilities were beyond above the acceptable carcinogenic risk (1×10-6). The non-carcinogenic risks of drivers exposed to formaldehyde, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene in cabinets of the other three container handling facilities except for straddle carrier were above acceptable risk (HQ>1). In order to avoid small particles and volatile organic compounds posing health hazards for drivers of container handling facilities, it was recommended that prohibit smoking and increase air exchange by introducing pretreated clean air into cabinets to maintain good indoor air quality.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TW/101CNUP0707017 |
| Date | January 2013 |
| Creators | WAN-CHUN,WU, 吳婉君 |
| Contributors | HSIAO-LIN, HUANG, 黃小林 |
| Source Sets | National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan |
| Language | zh-TW |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Format | 116 |
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